人类的对象识别主要取决于形状线索。我们已经开发了一种新方法来测量基于最近邻视图匹配的基于系统嵌入空间内的视觉系统的形状识别性能。我们的性能基准，换型，允许精确控制任务难度，通过执行该视图匹配跨度指定的3D视点变化和/或外观变化。作为第一个测试用例，我们测量了在想象集上预先培训的RESET50的性能。匹配的错误率很高。例如，对象间距LED Reset50的27度变化以匹配45％的时间的错误对象。外观变化也很高。对错误匹配的检查表明Reset50的嵌入空间严重“纠结”。这些研究结果表明Stumey可以是用于绘制人工视觉系统朝向人级形状识别能力的进展的有用工具。

Neural radiance fields (NeRF) have demonstrated the potential of coordinate-based neural representation (neural fields or implicit neural representation) in neural rendering. However, using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to represent a 3D scene or object requires enormous computational resources and time. There have been recent studies on how to reduce these computational inefficiencies by using additional data structures, such as grids or trees. Despite the promising performance, the explicit data structure necessitates a substantial amount of memory. In this work, we present a method to reduce the size without compromising the advantages of having additional data structures. In detail, we propose using the wavelet transform on grid-based neural fields. Grid-based neural fields are for fast convergence, and the wavelet transform, whose efficiency has been demonstrated in high-performance standard codecs, is to improve the parameter efficiency of grids. Furthermore, in order to achieve a higher sparsity of grid coefficients while maintaining reconstruction quality, we present a novel trainable masking approach. Experimental results demonstrate that non-spatial grid coefficients, such as wavelet coefficients, are capable of attaining a higher level of sparsity than spatial grid coefficients, resulting in a more compact representation. With our proposed mask and compression pipeline, we achieved state-of-the-art performance within a memory budget of 2 MB. Our code is available at https://github.com/daniel03c1/masked_wavelet_nerf.

在过去的十年中，我们看到了工业数据，计算能力的巨大改善以及机器学习的重大理论进步。这为在大规模非线性监控和控制问题上使用现代机器学习工具提供了机会。本文对过程行业的应用进行了对最新结果的调查。

机器学习（ML）为生物处理工程的发展做出了重大贡献，但其应用仍然有限，阻碍了生物过程自动化的巨大潜力。用于模型构建自动化的ML可以看作是引入另一种抽象水平的一种方式，将专家的人类集中在生物过程开发的最认知任务中。首先，概率编程用于预测模型的自动构建。其次，机器学习会通过计划实验来测试假设并进行调查以收集信息性数据来自动评估替代决策，以收集基于模型预测不确定性的模型选择的信息数据。这篇评论提供了有关生物处理开发中基于ML的自动化的全面概述。一方面，生物技术和生物工程社区应意识到现有ML解决方案在生物技术和生物制药中的应用的限制。另一方面，必须确定缺失的链接，以使ML和人工智能（AI）解决方案轻松实施在有价值的生物社区解决方案中。我们总结了几个重要的生物处理系统的ML实施，并提出了两个至关重要的挑战，这些挑战仍然是生物技术自动化的瓶颈，并减少了生物技术开发的不确定性。没有一个合适的程序；但是，这项综述应有助于确定结合生物技术和ML领域的潜在自动化。

在本文中，我们提出了一种使用CNN和变压器结构融合以提高图像分类性能的方法。对于CNN，可以很好地提取有关图像上局部区域的信息，但是限制了全局信息的提取。另一方面，变压器在相对全局的提取方面具有优势，但缺点是因为它需要大量的内存来进行本地特征值提取。在图像的情况下，它通过CNN转换为特征映射，每个特征映射的像素都被视为令牌。同时，将图像分为贴片区域，然后与将其视为令牌视图的变压器方法融合在一起。对于令牌与两个不同特征的融合，我们提出了三种方法：（1）具有平行结构的晚令融合，（2）早期令牌融合，（3）逐层中的令牌融合。在使用Imagenet 1K的实验中，提出的方法显示了最佳的分类性能。

神经领域已成为一种新的数据表示范式，并在各种信号表示中表现出了显着的成功。由于它们在网络参数中保留信号，因此通过发送和接收整个模型参数来传输数据传输，可以防止在许多实际情况下使用这种新兴技术。我们提出了流媒体神经场，这是一个由各种宽度的可执行子网络组成的单个模型。拟议的建筑和培训技术使一个网络能够随着时间的流逝而流式传输，并重建不同的素质和一部分信号。例如，较小的子网络会产生光滑和低频信号，而较大的子网络可以代表细节。实验结果显示了我们方法在各个域中的有效性，例如2D图像，视频和3D签名的距离函数。最后，我们证明我们提出的方法通过利用参数共享来提高培训稳定性。

Driven by improved architectures and better representation learning frameworks, the field of visual recognition has enjoyed rapid modernization and performance boost in the early 2020s. For example, modern ConvNets, represented by ConvNeXt, have demonstrated strong performance in various scenarios. While these models were originally designed for supervised learning with ImageNet labels, they can also potentially benefit from self-supervised learning techniques such as masked autoencoders (MAE). However, we found that simply combining these two approaches leads to subpar performance. In this paper, we propose a fully convolutional masked autoencoder framework and a new Global Response Normalization (GRN) layer that can be added to the ConvNeXt architecture to enhance inter-channel feature competition. This co-design of self-supervised learning techniques and architectural improvement results in a new model family called ConvNeXt V2, which significantly improves the performance of pure ConvNets on various recognition benchmarks, including ImageNet classification, COCO detection, and ADE20K segmentation. We also provide pre-trained ConvNeXt V2 models of various sizes, ranging from an efficient 3.7M-parameter Atto model with 76.7% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, to a 650M Huge model that achieves a state-of-the-art 88.9% accuracy using only public training data.

While the brain connectivity network can inform the understanding and diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, its cause-effect relationships have not yet enough been examined. Employing electroencephalography signals and band-limited white noise stimulus at 4.8 Hz (prosodic-syllabic frequency), we measure the phase Granger causalities among channels to identify differences between dyslexic learners and controls, thereby proposing a method to calculate directional connectivity. As causal relationships run in both directions, we explore three scenarios, namely channels' activity as sources, as sinks, and in total. Our proposed method can be used for both classification and exploratory analysis. In all scenarios, we find confirmation of the established right-lateralized Theta sampling network anomaly, in line with the temporal sampling framework's assumption of oscillatory differences in the Theta and Gamma bands. Further, we show that this anomaly primarily occurs in the causal relationships of channels acting as sinks, where it is significantly more pronounced than when only total activity is observed. In the sink scenario, our classifier obtains 0.84 and 0.88 accuracy and 0.87 and 0.93 AUC for the Theta and Gamma bands, respectively.

In this paper, we propose a diffusion-based face swapping framework for the first time, called DiffFace, composed of training ID conditional DDPM, sampling with facial guidance, and a target-preserving blending. In specific, in the training process, the ID conditional DDPM is trained to generate face images with the desired identity. In the sampling process, we use the off-the-shelf facial expert models to make the model transfer source identity while preserving target attributes faithfully. During this process, to preserve the background of the target image and obtain the desired face swapping result, we additionally propose a target-preserving blending strategy. It helps our model to keep the attributes of the target face from noise while transferring the source facial identity. In addition, without any re-training, our model can flexibly apply additional facial guidance and adaptively control the ID-attributes trade-off to achieve the desired results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that applies the diffusion model in face swapping task. Compared with previous GAN-based approaches, by taking advantage of the diffusion model for the face swapping task, DiffFace achieves better benefits such as training stability, high fidelity, diversity of the samples, and controllability. Extensive experiments show that our DiffFace is comparable or superior to the state-of-the-art methods on several standard face swapping benchmarks.

This study proposes an approach for establishing an optimal multihop ad-hoc network using multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to provide emergency communication in disaster areas. The approach includes two stages, one uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) to find optimal positions to deploy UAVs, and the other uses a behavior-based controller to navigate the UAVs to their assigned positions without colliding with obstacles in an unknown environment. Several constraints related to the UAVs' sensing and communication ranges have been imposed to ensure the applicability of the proposed approach in real-world scenarios. A number of simulation experiments with data loaded from real environments have been conducted. The results show that our proposed approach is not only successful in establishing multihop ad-hoc routes but also meets the requirements for real-time deployment of UAVs.