对于机器人来说，了解人类指令并在不久的将来执行有意义的任务，重要的是开发学习的模型，了解了参考语言，以识别现实世界3D场景中的共同对象。在本文中，我们介绍了一种用于3D视觉接地问题的空间语言模型。具体地，给定具有潜在对象候选的3D边界框的点云形式的重建的3D场景，以及参考场景中的目标对象的语言话语，我们的模型成功地将目标对象从一组潜在的候选者识别。具体而言，Languagrefer使用基于变压器的架构，该架构将空间嵌入与边界框中的空间嵌入与来自Distilbert的微调语言嵌入式的绑定框相结合，以预测目标对象。我们表明它竞争地表现在引用3D提出的Visio-linguistic数据集上。此外，我们分析其空间推理任务性能与感知噪声分离，视图依赖性话语的准确性，以及用于潜在机器人应用的观点注释。

Image captioning is one of the straightforward tasks that can take advantage of large-scale web-crawled data which provides rich knowledge about the visual world for a captioning model. However, since web-crawled data contains image-text pairs that are aligned at different levels, the inherent noises (e.g., misaligned pairs) make it difficult to learn a precise captioning model. While the filtering strategy can effectively remove noisy data, however, it leads to a decrease in learnable knowledge and sometimes brings about a new problem of data deficiency. To take the best of both worlds, we propose a noise-aware learning framework, which learns rich knowledge from the whole web-crawled data while being less affected by the noises. This is achieved by the proposed quality controllable model, which is learned using alignment levels of the image-text pairs as an additional control signal during training. The alignment-conditioned training allows the model to generate high-quality captions of well-aligned by simply setting the control signal to desired alignment level at inference time. Through in-depth analysis, we show that our controllable captioning model is effective in handling noise. In addition, with two tasks of zero-shot captioning and text-to-image retrieval using generated captions (i.e., self-retrieval), we also demonstrate our model can produce high-quality captions in terms of descriptiveness and distinctiveness. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/kakaobrain/noc}.

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has attracted significant attention due to its practical properties which enable the adaptation of a pre-trained model to a new domain with only target dataset during the inference stage. Prior works on TTA assume that the target dataset comes from the same distribution and thus constitutes a single homogeneous domain. In practice, however, the target domain can contain multiple homogeneous domains which are sufficiently distinctive from each other and those multiple domains might occur cyclically. Our preliminary investigation shows that domain-specific TTA outperforms vanilla TTA treating compound domain (CD) as a single one. However, domain labels are not available for CD, which makes domain-specific TTA not practicable. To this end, we propose an online clustering algorithm for finding pseudo-domain labels to obtain similar benefits as domain-specific configuration and accumulating knowledge of cyclic domains effectively. Moreover, we observe that there is a significant discrepancy in terms of prediction quality among samples, especially in the CD context. This further motivates us to boost its performance with gradient denoising by considering the image-wise similarity with the source distribution. Overall, the key contribution of our work lies in proposing a highly significant new task compound domain test-time adaptation (CD-TTA) on semantic segmentation as well as providing a strong baseline to facilitate future works to benchmark.

We tackle open-world semantic segmentation, which aims at learning to segment arbitrary visual concepts in images, by using only image-text pairs without dense annotations. Existing open-world segmentation methods have shown impressive advances by employing contrastive learning (CL) to learn diverse visual concepts and adapting the learned image-level understanding to the segmentation task. However, these methods based on CL have a discrepancy since it only considers image-text level alignment in training time, while the segmentation task requires region-text level alignment at test time. In this paper, we propose a novel Text-grounded Contrastive Learning (TCL) framework to directly align a text and a region described by the text to address the train-test discrepancy. Our method generates a segmentation mask associated with a given text, extracts grounded image embedding from the masked region, and aligns it with text embedding via TCL. The framework addresses the discrepancy by letting the model learn region-text level alignment instead of image-text level alignment and encourages the model to directly improve the quality of generated segmentation masks. In addition, for a rigorous and fair comparison, we present a unified evaluation protocol with widely used 8 semantic segmentation datasets. TCL achieves state-of-the-art zero-shot segmentation performance with large margins in all datasets. Code is available at https://github.com/kakaobrain/tcl.

Over the past few years, the field of adversarial attack received numerous attention from various researchers with the help of successful attack success rate against well-known deep neural networks that were acknowledged to achieve high classification ability in various tasks. However, majority of the experiments were completed under a single model, which we believe it may not be an ideal case in a real-life situation. In this paper, we introduce a novel federated adversarial training method for smart home face recognition, named FLATS, where we observed some interesting findings that may not be easily noticed in a traditional adversarial attack to federated learning experiments. By applying different variations to the hyperparameters, we have spotted that our method can make the global model to be robust given a starving federated environment. Our code can be found on https://github.com/jcroh0508/FLATS.

Pre-trained language models allowed us to process downstream tasks with the help of fine-tuning, which aids the model to achieve fairly high accuracy in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Such easily-downloaded language models from various websites empowered the public users as well as some major institutions to give a momentum to their real-life application. However, it was recently proven that models become extremely vulnerable when they are backdoor attacked with trigger-inserted poisoned datasets by malicious users. The attackers then redistribute the victim models to the public to attract other users to use them, where the models tend to misclassify when certain triggers are detected within the training sample. In this paper, we will introduce a novel improved textual backdoor defense method, named MSDT, that outperforms the current existing defensive algorithms in specific datasets. The experimental results illustrate that our method can be effective and constructive in terms of defending against backdoor attack in text domain. Code is available at https://github.com/jcroh0508/MSDT.

隐式3D表示的最新进展，即神经辐射场（NERFS），以可区分的方式使准确且具有逼真的3D重建成为可能。这种新的表示可以有效地以一种紧凑的格式传达数百个高分辨率图像的信息，并允许对新观点的逼真综合。在这项工作中，使用NERF的变体称为全体氧，我们为感知任务创建了第一个大规模隐式表示数据集，称为Fustection，该数据集由两个部分组成，这些部分既包含以对象为中心和场景为中心的扫描，用于分类和分段， 。它显示了原始数据集的显着内存压缩率（96.4 \％），同时以统一形式包含2D和3D信息。我们构建了直接作为输入这种隐式格式的分类和分割模型，并提出了一种新颖的增强技术，以避免在图像的背景上过度拟合。代码和数据可在https://postech-cvlab.github.io/perfception中公开获得。

随着深度学习（DL）的引入，常用心电图（ECG）诊断模型的性能改善。但是，尚未充分研究多个DL组件的各种组合和/或数据增强技术对诊断的作用的影响。这项研究提出了一种基于集合的多视图学习方法，采用ECG增强技术，比传统的12级ECG诊断方法获得更高的性能。数据分析结果表明，所提出的模型报告的F1得分为0.840，这表现优于文献中现有的最新方法。

蒙面的自动编码器是可扩展的视觉学习者，因为Mae \ Cite {He2022masked}的标题表明，视觉中的自我监督学习（SSL）可能会采用与NLP中类似的轨迹。具体而言，具有蒙版预测（例如BERT）的生成借口任务已成为NLP中的事实上的标准SSL实践。相比之下，他们的歧视性对应物（例如对比度学习）掩埋了视力中的生成方法的早期尝试；但是，蒙版图像建模的成功已恢复了屏蔽自动编码器（过去通常被称为DeNosing AutoCoder）。作为在NLP中与Bert弥合差距的一个里程碑，蒙面自动编码器吸引了对SSL在视觉及其他方面的前所未有的关注。这项工作对蒙面自动编码器进行了全面的调查，以洞悉SSL的有希望的方向。作为第一个使用蒙版自动编码器审查SSL的人，这项工作通过讨论其历史发展，最新进度以及对不同应用的影响，重点介绍其在视觉中的应用。

最近的3D注册方法可以有效处理大规模或部分重叠的点对。然而，尽管具有实用性，但在空间尺度和密度方面与不平衡对匹配。我们提出了一种新颖的3D注册方法，称为uppnet，用于不平衡点对。我们提出了一个层次结构框架，通过逐渐减少搜索空间，可以有效地找到近距离的对应关系。我们的方法预测目标点的子区域可能与查询点重叠。以下超点匹配模块和细粒度的细化模块估计两个点云之间的准确对应关系。此外，我们应用几何约束来完善满足空间兼容性的对应关系。对应性预测是对端到端训练的，我们的方法可以通过单个前向通行率预测适当的刚体转换，并给定点云对。为了验证提出方法的疗效，我们通过增强Kitti LiDAR数据集创建Kitti-UPP数据集。该数据集的实验表明，所提出的方法显着优于最先进的成对点云注册方法，而当目标点云大约为10 $ \ times $ higation时，注册召回率的提高了78％。比查询点云大约比查询点云更密集。