可接受的是指对象允许的可能动作的感知。尽管其与人计算机相互作用有关，但没有现有理论解释了支撑无力形成的机制;也就是说，通过交互发现和适应的充分性。基于认知科学的加固学习理论，提出了一种综合性的无力形成理论。关键假设是用户学习在存在增强信号（成功/故障）时将有前途的电机动作与经验相关联。他们还学会分类行动（例如，“旋转”拨号），使他们能够命名和理由的能力。在遇到新颖的小部件时，他们概括这些行动的能力决定了他们感受到的能力。我们在虚拟机器人模型中实现了这个理论，它展示了在交互式小部件任务中的人性化适应性。虽然其预测与人类数据的趋势对齐，但人类能够更快地适应能力，表明存在额外机制。

Deep Learning optimization involves minimizing a high-dimensional loss function in the weight space which is often perceived as difficult due to its inherent difficulties such as saddle points, local minima, ill-conditioning of the Hessian and limited compute resources. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of 12 standard optimization methods successfully used in deep learning research and a theoretical assessment of the difficulties in numerical optimization from the optimization literature.

Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains in pre-training large-scale unidirectional language models such as the GPT-2, GPT-3, and GPT-neo, followed by fine-tuning on a downstream task. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the GPT-neo 1.3 billion model for commonsense reasoning tasks. We assess the model performance on six commonsense reasoning benchmark tasks and report the accuracy scores for these tasks. When fine-tuned using the right set of hyperparameters, we obtain competitive scores on three of these tasks but struggle when the dataset size is significantly smaller. The low model performance on a few of these tasks suggests the inherent difficulty in these datasets and since it fails to establish coherent patterns given their limited training samples. We also investigate and substantiate our results using visualization and conduct numerous inference tests to understand the model performance better. Finally, we conduct thorough robustness tests using various methods to gauge the model performance under numerous settings. These findings suggest a promising path for exploring smaller language models than the GPT-3 175 billion model to perform tasks requiring natural language understanding.

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.

电影业是最受欢迎的娱乐行业之一，是最大的商业市场之一。在贡献因素中，这将是一部电影的普及，以及其票房表现。因此，我们在各种机器学习模型之间创建了全面的比较来预测电影的成功率。这些模型以及它们的统计学意义的有效性研究得出结论，这些模型是最佳预测因子。还发现了有关影响电影成功的因素的一些见解。研究的模型包括一些回归模型，机器学习模型，时间序列模型和神经网络，具有神经网络的最佳性能模型，精度约为86％。另外，作为2020中发布的电影的测试数据的一部分被分析。

生成的对抗网络（GANS）产生高质量的图像，但致力于训练。它们需要仔细正常化，大量计算和昂贵的超参数扫描。我们通过将生成和真实样本投影到固定的预级特征空间中，在这些问题上进行了重要的头路。发现鉴别者无法充分利用来自预押模型的更深层次的特征，我们提出了更有效的策略，可以在渠道和分辨率中混合特征。我们预计的GaN提高了图像质量，样品效率和收敛速度。它与最多一个百万像素的分辨率进一步兼容，并在二十二个基准数据集上推进最先进的FR \'Echet Inception距离（FID）。重要的是，预计的GAN符合先前最低的FID速度快40倍，鉴于相同的计算资源，将壁钟时间从5天切割到不到3小时。

医疗AI通过支持基于证据的医学实践，个性化患者治疗，降低成本以及改善提供者和患者体验，推进医疗保健的巨大潜力。我们认为解锁此潜力需要一种系统的方法来衡量在大规模异构数据上的医疗AI模型的性能。为了满足这种需求，我们正在建立Medperf，这是一个开放的框架，用于在医疗领域的基准测试机器学习。 Medperf将使联合评估能够将模型安全地分配给不同的评估设施，从而赋予医疗组织在高效和人类监督过程中评估和验证AI模型的性能，同时优先考虑隐私。我们描述了当前的挑战医疗保健和AI社区面临，需要开放平台，Medperf的设计理念，其目前的实施状态和我们的路线图。我们呼吁研究人员和组织加入我们创建Medperf开放基准平台。