Manually analyzing spermatozoa is a tremendous task for biologists due to the many fast-moving spermatozoa, causing inconsistencies in the quality of the assessments. Therefore, computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) has become a popular solution. Despite this, more data is needed to train supervised machine learning approaches in order to improve accuracy and reliability. In this regard, we provide a dataset called VISEM-Tracking with 20 video recordings of 30s of spermatozoa with manually annotated bounding-box coordinates and a set of sperm characteristics analyzed by experts in the domain. VISEM-Tracking is an extension of the previously published VISEM dataset. In addition to the annotated data, we provide unlabeled video clips for easy-to-use access and analysis of the data. As part of this paper, we present baseline sperm detection performances using the YOLOv5 deep learning model trained on the VISEM-Tracking dataset. As a result, the dataset can be used to train complex deep-learning models to analyze spermatozoa. The dataset is publicly available at https://zenodo.org/record/7293726.
translated by 谷歌翻译
Head and neck cancers are the fifth most common cancer worldwide, and recently, analysis of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computed Tomography (CT) images has been proposed to identify patients with a prognosis. Even though the results look promising, more research is needed to further validate and improve the results. This paper presents the work done by team MLC for the 2022 version of the HECKTOR grand challenge held at MICCAI 2022. For Task 1, the automatic segmentation task, our approach was, in contrast to earlier solutions using 3D segmentation, to keep it as simple as possible using a 2D model, analyzing every slice as a standalone image. In addition, we were interested in understanding how different modalities influence the results. We proposed two approaches; one using only the CT scans to make predictions and another using a combination of the CT and PET scans. For Task 2, the prediction of recurrence-free survival, we first proposed two approaches, one where we only use patient data and one where we combined the patient data with segmentations from the image model. For the prediction of the first two approaches, we used Random Forest. In our third approach, we combined patient data and image data using XGBoost. Low kidney function might worsen cancer prognosis. In this approach, we therefore estimated the kidney function of the patients and included it as a feature. Overall, we conclude that our simple methods were not able to compete with the highest-ranking submissions, but we still obtained reasonably good scores. We also got interesting insights into how the combination of different modalities can influence the segmentation and predictions.
translated by 谷歌翻译
在这项工作中,我们认为寻找人工通用智能(AGI)应该从比人类水平的智能低得多的水平开始。自然界中智能行为的环境是由于有机体与周围环境相互作用的情况,这种环境可能会随着时间的流逝而改变,并对有机体施加压力,以便学习新的行为或环境模型。我们的假设是,学习是通过解释代理在环境中作用时的感觉反馈而发生的。为此,需要一个身体和反应性环境。我们评估了一种进化生物学启发的人工神经网络的方法,该神经网络从名为“人工通用智能的神经进化”(Nagi)的环境反应中学习,这是一个低水平AGI的框架。该方法允许使用自适应突触的随机启用尖峰神经网络的进化络合,该神经网络控制在可变环境中实例化的代理。这种配置使我们能够基准基准控制器的适应性和通用性。可变环境中所选的任务是食品觅食,逻辑门的仿真和卡特杆平衡。这三个任务通过相当小的网络拓扑成功解决,因此,它打开了实验更复杂的任务和方案的可能性,其中课程学习是有益的。
translated by 谷歌翻译
自动生物医学图像分析的领域至关重要地取决于算法验证的可靠和有意义的性能指标。但是,当前的度量使用通常是不明智的,并且不能反映基本的域名。在这里,我们提出了一个全面的框架,该框架指导研究人员以问题意识的方式选择绩效指标。具体而言,我们专注于生物医学图像分析问题,这些问题可以解释为图像,对象或像素级别的分类任务。该框架首先编译域兴趣 - 目标结构 - ,数据集和算法与输出问题相关的属性的属性与问题指纹相关,同时还将其映射到适当的问题类别,即图像级分类,语义分段,实例,实例细分或对象检测。然后,它指导用户选择和应用一组适当的验证指标的过程,同时使他们意识到与个人选择相关的潜在陷阱。在本文中,我们描述了指标重新加载推荐框架的当前状态,目的是从图像分析社区获得建设性的反馈。当前版本是在由60多个图像分析专家的国际联盟中开发的,将在社区驱动的优化之后公开作为用户友好的工具包提供。
translated by 谷歌翻译
在Mediaeval第一次提供视觉情绪分析任务。任务的主要目的是预测对社交媒体共享的自然灾害图像的情绪反应。与灾害相关的图像通常很复杂,并且经常唤起情绪反应,使其成为视觉情绪分析的理想用例。我们认为能够对自然灾害有关的数据进行有意义的分析可能具有很大的社会重要性,这方面的共同努力可以为未来的研究开辟几个有趣的方向。该任务由三个子任务组成,每个任务旨在探索挑战的不同方面。在本文中,我们提供了任务的详细概述,任务的一般动机,以及数据集的概述以及用于评估所提出的解决方案的指标。
translated by 谷歌翻译
医学图像分割可以为临床分析提供详细信息,这对于发现的详细位置很重要的情况可能是有用的。了解疾病的位置可以在治疗和决策中发挥重要作用。基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的编码器 - 解码器技术具有自动化医学图像分割系统的性能。几种基于CNN的方法利用了诸如空间和渠道的技术来提高性能。近年来引起关注的另一种技术是残留致密块(RDB)。密集连接块中的连续卷积层能够用不同的接收领域提取各种特征,从而提高性能。然而,连续堆积的卷积运营商可能不一定生成有助于识别目标结构的功能。在本文中,我们提出了一种逐步的交替注意网络(PAANET)。我们开发逐步交替注意密度(Paad)块,其在密集块中的每个卷积层中使用来自所有尺度的特征构建指导注意力图(GAM)。 GAM允许密集块中的以下层集中在与目标区域相关的空间位置。每个备用Paad块都反转GAM以生成反向注意地图,指导后面的图层,以提取边界和边缘相关信息,精炼分割过程。我们对三种不同的生物医学图像分割数据集的实验表明,与其他最先进的方法相比,我们的Paanet达到了有利的性能。
translated by 谷歌翻译
在结肠息肉是众所周知的如通过结肠镜检查鉴定的癌症的前体或者有关诊断工作为症状,结肠直肠癌筛查或某些疾病的系统的监视。虽然大部分息肉是良性的,在数量,尺寸和息肉的表面结构是紧密相连的结肠癌的风险。有高的漏检率和不完全去除结肠息肉的存在由于可变性质,困难描绘异常,高复发率和结肠的解剖外形。过去,多种方法已建成自动化息肉检测与分割。然而,大多数方法的关键问题是,他们没有经过严格的大型多中心的专用数据集进行测试。因此,这些方法可能无法推广到不同人群的数据集,因为他们过度拟合到一个特定的人口和内镜监控。在这个意义上,我们已经从整合超过300名患者6个不同的中心策划的数据集。所述数据集包括与由六名高级肠胃验证息肉边界的精确划定3446个注释息肉标签单帧和序列数据。据我们所知,这是由一组计算科学家和专家肠胃的策划最全面的检测和像素级的细分数据集。此数据集已在起源的Endocv2021挑战旨在息肉检测与分割处理可推广的一部分。在本文中,我们提供全面的洞察数据结构和注释策略,标注的质量保证和技术验证我们的扩展EndoCV2021数据集,我们称之为PolypGen。
translated by 谷歌翻译
尽管自动图像分析的重要性不断增加,但最近的元研究揭示了有关算法验证的主要缺陷。性能指标对于使用的自动算法的有意义,客观和透明的性能评估和验证尤其是关键,但是在使用特定的指标进行给定的图像分析任务时,对实际陷阱的关注相对较少。这些通常与(1)无视固有的度量属性,例如在存在类不平衡或小目标结构的情况下的行为,(2)无视固有的数据集属性,例如测试的非独立性案例和(3)无视指标应反映的实际生物医学领域的兴趣。该动态文档的目的是说明图像分析领域通常应用的性能指标的重要局限性。在这种情况下,它重点介绍了可以用作图像级分类,语义分割,实例分割或对象检测任务的生物医学图像分析问题。当前版本是基于由全球60多家机构的国际图像分析专家进行的关于指标的Delphi流程。
translated by 谷歌翻译
We present a dynamic path planning algorithm to navigate an amphibious rotor craft through a concave time-invariant obstacle field while attempting to minimize energy usage. We create a nonlinear quaternion state model that represents the rotor craft dynamics above and below the water. The 6 degree of freedom dynamics used within a layered architecture to generate motion paths for the vehicle to follow and the required control inputs. The rotor craft has a 3 dimensional map of its surroundings that is updated via limited range onboard sensor readings within the current medium (air or water). Path planning is done via PRM and D* Lite.
translated by 谷歌翻译
Logic Mill is a scalable and openly accessible software system that identifies semantically similar documents within either one domain-specific corpus or multi-domain corpora. It uses advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to generate numerical representations of documents. Currently it leverages a large pre-trained language model to generate these document representations. The system focuses on scientific publications and patent documents and contains more than 200 million documents. It is easily accessible via a simple Application Programming Interface (API) or via a web interface. Moreover, it is continuously being updated and can be extended to text corpora from other domains. We see this system as a general-purpose tool for future research applications in the social sciences and other domains.
translated by 谷歌翻译