Open vocabulary object detection has been greatly advanced by the recent development of vision-language pretrained model, which helps recognize novel objects with only semantic categories. The prior works mainly focus on knowledge transferring to the object proposal classification and employ class-agnostic box and mask prediction. In this work, we propose CondHead, a principled dynamic network design to better generalize the box regression and mask segmentation for open vocabulary setting. The core idea is to conditionally parameterize the network heads on semantic embedding and thus the model is guided with class-specific knowledge to better detect novel categories. Specifically, CondHead is composed of two streams of network heads, the dynamically aggregated head and the dynamically generated head. The former is instantiated with a set of static heads that are conditionally aggregated, these heads are optimized as experts and are expected to learn sophisticated prediction. The latter is instantiated with dynamically generated parameters and encodes general class-specific information. With such a conditional design, the detection model is bridged by the semantic embedding to offer strongly generalizable class-wise box and mask prediction. Our method brings significant improvement to the state-of-the-art open vocabulary object detection methods with very minor overhead, e.g., it surpasses a RegionClip model by 3.0 detection AP on novel categories, with only 1.1% more computation.

This paper aims to design robust Edge Intelligence using semantic communication for time-critical IoT applications. We systematically analyze the effect of image DCT coefficients on inference accuracy and propose the channel-agnostic effectiveness encoding for offloading by transmitting the most meaningful task data first. This scheme can well utilize all available communication resource and strike a balance between transmission latency and inference accuracy. Then, we design an effectiveness decoding by implementing a novel image augmentation process for convolutional neural network (CNN) training, through which an original CNN model is transformed into a Robust CNN model. We use the proposed training method to generate Robust MobileNet-v2 and Robust ResNet-50. The proposed Edge Intelligence framework consists of the proposed effectiveness encoding and effectiveness decoding. The experimental results show that the effectiveness decoding using the Robust CNN models perform consistently better under various image distortions caused by channel errors or limited communication resource. The proposed Edge Intelligence framework using semantic communication significantly outperforms the conventional approach under latency and data rate constraints, in particular, under ultra stringent deadlines and low data rate.

For time-critical IoT applications using deep learning, inference acceleration through distributed computing is a promising approach to meet a stringent deadline. In this paper, we implement a working prototype of a new distributed inference acceleration method HALP using three raspberry Pi 4. HALP accelerates inference by designing a seamless collaboration among edge devices (EDs) in Edge Computing. We maximize the parallelization between communication and computation among the collaborative EDs by optimizing the task partitioning ratio based on the segment-based partitioning. Experimental results show that the distributed inference HALP achieves 1.7x inference acceleration for VGG-16. Then, we combine distributed inference with conventional neural network model compression by setting up different shrinking hyperparameters for MobileNet-V1. In this way, we can further accelerate inference but at the cost of inference accuracy loss. To strike a balance between latency and accuracy, we propose dynamic model selection to select a model which provides the highest accuracy within the latency constraint. It is shown that the model selection with distributed inference HALP can significantly improve service reliability compared to the conventional stand-alone computation.

Strong lensing in galaxy clusters probes properties of dense cores of dark matter halos in mass, studies the distant universe at flux levels and spatial resolutions otherwise unavailable, and constrains cosmological models independently. The next-generation large scale sky imaging surveys are expected to discover thousands of cluster-scale strong lenses, which would lead to unprecedented opportunities for applying cluster-scale strong lenses to solve astrophysical and cosmological problems. However, the large dataset challenges astronomers to identify and extract strong lensing signals, particularly strongly lensed arcs, because of their complexity and variety. Hence, we propose a framework to detect cluster-scale strongly lensed arcs, which contains a transformer-based detection algorithm and an image simulation algorithm. We embed prior information of strongly lensed arcs at cluster-scale into the training data through simulation and then train the detection algorithm with simulated images. We use the trained transformer to detect strongly lensed arcs from simulated and real data. Results show that our approach could achieve 99.63 % accuracy rate, 90.32 % recall rate, 85.37 % precision rate and 0.23 % false positive rate in detection of strongly lensed arcs from simulated images and could detect almost all strongly lensed arcs in real observation images. Besides, with an interpretation method, we have shown that our method could identify important information embedded in simulated data. Next step, to test the reliability and usability of our approach, we will apply it to available observations (e.g., DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys) and simulated data of upcoming large-scale sky surveys, such as the Euclid and the CSST.

在各个领域（例如政治，健康和娱乐）中的真实和虚假新闻每天都通过在线社交媒体传播，需要对多个领域进行虚假新闻检测。其中，在政治和健康等特定领域中的虚假新闻对现实世界产生了更严重的潜在负面影响（例如，由Covid-19的错误信息引导的流行病）。先前的研究着重于多域假新闻检测，同样采矿和建模域之间的相关性。但是，这些多域方法遇到了SEESAW问题：某些域的性能通常会以损害其他域的性能而改善，这可能导致在特定领域的表现不满意。为了解决这个问题，我们建议一个用于假新闻检测（DITFEND）的域和实例级传输框架，这可以改善特定目标域的性能。为了传递粗粒域级知识，我们从元学习的角度训练了所有域数据的通用模型。为了传输细粒度的实例级知识并将一般模型调整到目标域，我们在目标域上训练语言模型，以评估每个数据实例在源域中的可传递性，并重新赢得每个实例的贡献。两个数据集上的离线实验证明了Ditfend的有效性。在线实验表明，在现实世界中，Ditfend对基本模型带来了更多改进。

本文着重于当前过度参数化的阴影去除模型的局限性。我们提出了一个新颖的轻型深神经网络，该网络在实验室色彩空间中处理阴影图像。提出的称为“实验室网络”的网络是由以下三个观察结果激励的：首先，实验室颜色空间可以很好地分离亮度信息和颜色属性。其次，顺序堆叠的卷积层无法完全使用来自不同接受场的特征。第三，非阴影区域是重要的先验知识，可以减少阴影和非阴影区域之间的剧烈差异。因此，我们通过涉及两个分支结构的结构来设计实验室网络：L和AB分支。因此，与阴影相关的亮度信息可以很好地处理在L分支中，而颜色属性则很好地保留在AB分支中。此外，每个分支由几个基本块，局部空间注意模块（LSA）和卷积过滤器组成。每个基本块由多个平行的扩张扩张率的扩张卷积组成，以接收不同的接收场，这些接收场具有不同的网络宽度，以节省模型参数和计算成本。然后，构建了增强的通道注意模块（ECA），以从不同的接受场聚集特征，以更好地去除阴影。最后，进一步开发了LSA模块，以充分利用非阴影区域中的先前信息来清洁阴影区域。我们在ISTD和SRD数据集上执行广泛的实验。实验结果表明，我们的实验室网络井胜过最先进的方法。同样，我们的模型参数和计算成本降低了几个数量级。我们的代码可在https://github.com/ngrxmu/lab-net上找到。

近年来，行业和学术界的深度学习（DL）迅速发展。但是，找到DL模型的最佳超参数通常需要高计算成本和人类专业知识。为了减轻上述问题，进化计算（EC）作为一种强大的启发式搜索方法显示出在DL模型的自动设计中，所谓的进化深度学习（EDL）具有重要优势。本文旨在从自动化机器学习（AUTOML）的角度分析EDL。具体来说，我们首先从机器学习和EC阐明EDL，并将EDL视为优化问题。根据DL管道的说法，我们系统地介绍了EDL方法，从功能工程，模型生成到具有新的分类法的模型部署（即，什么以及如何发展/优化），专注于解决方案表示和搜索范式的讨论通过EC处理优化问题。最后，提出了关键的应用程序，开放问题以及可能有希望的未来研究线。这项调查回顾了EDL的最新发展，并为EDL的开发提供了有见地的指南。

对比学习在视频表示学习中表现出了巨大的潜力。但是，现有方法无法充分利用短期运动动态，这对于各种下游视频理解任务至关重要。在本文中，我们提出了运动敏感的对比度学习（MSCL），该学习将光学流捕获的运动信息注入RGB帧中，以增强功能学习。为了实现这一目标，除了剪辑级全球对比度学习外，我们还开发了局部运动对比度学习（LMCL），具有两种模式的框架级对比目标。此外，我们引入流动旋转增强（FRA），以生成额外的运动除件负面样品和运动差分采样（MDS）以准确筛选训练样品。对标准基准测试的广泛实验验证了该方法的有效性。以常用的3D RESNET-18为骨干，我们在UCF101上获得了91.5 \％的前1个精度，而在视频分类中进行了一些v2的v2，以及65.6 \％的top-1 top-1召回ucf1011对于视频检索，特别是改善了最新的。

尽管脑肿瘤分割的准确性最近取得了进步，但结果仍然遭受低可靠性和鲁棒性的影响。不确定性估计是解决此问题的有效解决方案，因为它提供了对分割结果的信心。当前的不确定性估计方法基于分位数回归，贝叶斯神经网络，集合和蒙特卡洛辍学者受其高计算成本和不一致的限制。为了克服这些挑战，在最近的工作中开发了证据深度学习（EDL），但主要用于自然图像分类。在本文中，我们提出了一个基于区域的EDL分割框架，该框架可以生成可靠的不确定性图和可靠的分割结果。我们使用证据理论将神经网络的输出解释为从输入特征收集的证据价值。遵循主观逻辑，将证据作为差异分布进行了参数化，预测的概率被视为主观意见。为了评估我们在分割和不确定性估计的模型的性能，我们在Brats 2020数据集上进行了定量和定性实验。结果证明了所提出的方法在量化分割不确定性和稳健分割肿瘤方面的最高性能。此外，我们提出的新框架保持了低计算成本和易于实施的优势，并显示了临床应用的潜力。

在本文中，我们提出了一个新的密集检索模型，该模型通过深度查询相互作用学习了各种文档表示。我们的模型使用一组生成的伪Queries编码每个文档，以获取查询信息的多视文档表示。它不仅具有较高的推理效率，例如《香草双编码模型》，而且还可以在文档编码中启用深度查询文档的交互，并提供多方面的表示形式，以更好地匹配不同的查询。几个基准的实验证明了所提出的方法的有效性，表现出色的双重编码基准。