协作软件开发是现代软件开发生命周期不可或缺的一部分，这对于大规模软件项目的成功至关重要。当多个开发人员围绕相同的代码进行同时更改时，可能会发生合并冲突。这种冲突停滞不前的请求和连续的集成管道数小时至几天，严重损害了开发人员的生产力。为了解决这个问题，我们介绍了Mergebert，这是一个新型的神经程序合并框架，基于令牌级别的三向差异和变压器编码器模型。通过利用合并冲突决议的受限性质，我们重新制定了将分辨率序列作为分类任务生成的任务，而不是从现实世界合并提交提交数据中提取的一组原始合并模式上进行分类任务。我们的模型可实现合并分辨率合成的63-68％精度，对现有的半结构化的性能提高了近3倍，而对神经程序合并工具的改善为2倍。最后，我们证明Mergebert足够灵活地使用Java，JavaScript，Typescript和C＃编程语言中的源代码文件。为了衡量Mergebert的实际使用，我们进行了一项用户研究，以评估Mergebert的建议，其中25位来自大型OSS项目的开发人员在他们遇到的122场现实世界冲突中进行了研究。结果表明，实际上，Mergebert决议将被接受比自动指标估计的精确度和准确性更高的速率。此外，我们使用参与者的反馈来确定未来改善Mergebert的途径。

With the progress of sensor technology in wearables, the collection and analysis of PPG signals are gaining more interest. Using Machine Learning, the cardiac rhythm corresponding to PPG signals can be used to predict different tasks such as activity recognition, sleep stage detection, or more general health status. However, supervised learning is often limited by the amount of available labeled data, which is typically expensive to obtain. To address this problem, we propose a Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) method with a pretext task of signal reconstruction to learn an informative generalized PPG representation. The performance of the proposed SSL framework is compared with two fully supervised baselines. The results show that in a very limited label data setting (10 samples per class or less), using SSL is beneficial, and a simple classifier trained on SSL-learned representations outperforms fully supervised deep neural networks. However, the results reveal that the SSL-learned representations are too focused on encoding the subjects. Unfortunately, there is high inter-subject variability in the SSL-learned representations, which makes working with this data more challenging when labeled data is scarce. The high inter-subject variability suggests that there is still room for improvements in learning representations. In general, the results suggest that SSL may pave the way for the broader use of machine learning models on PPG data in label-scarce regimes.

6D object pose estimation problem has been extensively studied in the field of Computer Vision and Robotics. It has wide range of applications such as robot manipulation, augmented reality, and 3D scene understanding. With the advent of Deep Learning, many breakthroughs have been made; however, approaches continue to struggle when they encounter unseen instances, new categories, or real-world challenges such as cluttered backgrounds and occlusions. In this study, we will explore the available methods based on input modality, problem formulation, and whether it is a category-level or instance-level approach. As a part of our discussion, we will focus on how 6D object pose estimation can be used for understanding 3D scenes.

We focus on causal discovery in the presence of measurement error in linear systems where the mixing matrix, i.e., the matrix indicating the independent exogenous noise terms pertaining to the observed variables, is identified up to permutation and scaling of the columns. We demonstrate a somewhat surprising connection between this problem and causal discovery in the presence of unobserved parentless causes, in the sense that there is a mapping, given by the mixing matrix, between the underlying models to be inferred in these problems. Consequently, any identifiability result based on the mixing matrix for one model translates to an identifiability result for the other model. We characterize to what extent the causal models can be identified under a two-part faithfulness assumption. Under only the first part of the assumption (corresponding to the conventional definition of faithfulness), the structure can be learned up to the causal ordering among an ordered grouping of the variables but not all the edges across the groups can be identified. We further show that if both parts of the faithfulness assumption are imposed, the structure can be learned up to a more refined ordered grouping. As a result of this refinement, for the latent variable model with unobserved parentless causes, the structure can be identified. Based on our theoretical results, we propose causal structure learning methods for both models, and evaluate their performance on synthetic data.

Predicting discrete events in time and space has many scientific applications, such as predicting hazardous earthquakes and outbreaks of infectious diseases. History-dependent spatio-temporal Hawkes processes are often used to mathematically model these point events. However, previous approaches have faced numerous challenges, particularly when attempting to forecast one or multiple future events. In this work, we propose a new neural architecture for multi-event forecasting of spatio-temporal point processes, utilizing transformers, augmented with normalizing flows and probabilistic layers. Our network makes batched predictions of complex history-dependent spatio-temporal distributions of future discrete events, achieving state-of-the-art performance on a variety of benchmark datasets including the South California Earthquakes, Citibike, Covid-19, and Hawkes synthetic pinwheel datasets. More generally, we illustrate how our network can be applied to any dataset of discrete events with associated markers, even when no underlying physics is known.

最近的研究提出了一系列针对深度任务模型的专业优化算法。通常声称这些多任务优化（MTO）方法产生的解决方案优于仅通过优化任务损失的加权平均值而获得的解决方案。在本文中，我们对各种语言和视觉任务进行大规模实验，以检查这些主张的经验有效性。我们表明，尽管这些算法的设计和计算复杂性增加了，但MTO方法并未产生超出传统优化方法可实现的性能的任何改进。我们强调了替代策略，这些策略始终如一地提高性能概况，并指出可能导致次优效果的常见训练陷阱。最后，我们概述了可靠地评估MTO算法的性能并讨论潜在解决方案的挑战。

我们提出了Zeroeggs，这是一个神经网络框架，用于语音驱动的手势生成，以零拍出样式控制。这意味着即使在训练过程中看不见的运动样式，也只能通过一个简短的运动剪辑来控制样式。我们的模型使用一个变性框架来学习样式嵌入，从而可以通过潜在的空间操纵或样式嵌入方式的混合和缩放来修改样式。我们框架的概率性质进一步使给定输入相同的各种输出的产生，以解决手势运动的随机性质。在一系列实验中，我们首先证明了模型对新的扬声器和样式的灵活性和概括性。然后，在一项用户研究中，我们表明我们的模型在运动，语音适当性和风格刻画方面的自然性，适当性和刻画的表现优于先前的最先进技术。最后，我们释放了包括手指在内的全身手势运动的高质量数据集，语音跨越了19种不同的样式。

本文着重于基于雷达的同时定位和映射（SLAM）中的有效地标管理。必须进行地标管理，以保持相对于平台姿势估计的估计地标的一致地图。当面对从相同地标和/或动态环境的多个检测到地标可以更改的地标和/或动态环境时，此任务尤其重要。雷达数据的另一个挑战是存在错误检测。因此，我们为Radar Slam Landmark Management提出了一个简单而有效的规则解决方案。假设我们的解决方案中有几个步骤：需要检测并包括新的地标，需要识别和删除虚假地标，并且需要维护地图中注册的地标的一致性。为了说明我们的解决方案，我们在包含固定和固定地标的环境中运行扩展的Kalman Filter Slam算法。我们的仿真结果表明，即使面对虚假检测和来自同一地标的多次检测，提出的解决方案也能够可靠地管理地标。

过去，现实世界中社交网络的图表错过了两个重要元素：连接的多重性和表示时间。为此，在本文中，我们为社交网络提供了一个新的动态异质图表示，其中包括图形的每个组件中的时间，即节点和边缘，每种捕获异质性的不同类型。我们通过提出四个与时间有关的查询和深度学习问题来说明这种表示的力量，这些查询和深度学习问题无法轻易在常规的均匀图表中处理。作为概念的证明，我们介绍了新的社交媒体平台（Steemit）的详细表示，我们用它来说明动态查询功能以及使用图形神经网络（GNNS）的预测任务。结果说明了动态异质图表示对社交网络的模型的力量。鉴于这是一个相对研究的领域，我们还说明了在查询优化方面的未来工作以及异质图结构的新动态预测任务的机会。

对网络中的用户如何根据邻居的意见更新他们的意见的理解吸引了网络科学领域的极大兴趣，并且越来越多的文献认识到了这个问题的重要性。在这篇研究论文中，我们提出了有指导网络中意见形成的新动态模型。在此模型中，每个节点的意见被更新为邻居意见的加权平均值，而权重代表社会影响力。我们将一种新的中心度度量定义为基于影响和整合性的社会影响度量。我们使用两个意见形成模型来衡量这种新方法：（i）degroot模型和（ii）我们自己提出的模型。先前发表的研究没有考虑合格，并且仅考虑计算社会影响时节点的影响。在我们的定义中，与高度和较低程度的节点相关的较低度和高度的节点具有较高的中心性。作为这项研究的主要贡献，我们提出了一种算法，用于在社交网络中找到一小部分节点，该节点可能会对其他节点的观点产生重大影响。关于现实世界数据的实验表明，所提出的算法显着优于先前发布的最新方法。