Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.

这项研究介绍了我们对越南语言和语音处理任务（VLSP）挑战2021的文本处理任务的医疗保健领域的自动越南图像字幕的方法作为编码器的体系结构和长期的短期内存（LSTM）作为解码器生成句子。这些模型在不同的数据集中表现出色。我们提出的模型还具有编码器和一个解码器，但是我们在编码器中使用了SWIN变压器，LSTM与解码器中的注意模块结合在一起。该研究介绍了我们在比赛期间使用的培训实验和技术。我们的模型在vietcap4h数据集上达到了0.293的BLEU4分数，并且该分数在私人排行榜上排名3 $^{rd} $。我们的代码可以在\ url {https://git.io/jddjm}上找到。

COVID-19大流行已经暴露了全球医疗服务的脆弱性，增加了开发新颖的工具来提供快速且具有成本效益的筛查和诊断的需求。临床报告表明，Covid-19感染可能导致心脏损伤，心电图（ECG）可以作为Covid-19的诊断生物标志物。这项研究旨在利用ECG信号自动检测COVID-19。我们提出了一种从ECG纸记录中提取ECG信号的新方法，然后将其送入一维卷积神经网络（1D-CNN）中，以学习和诊断疾病。为了评估数字信号的质量，标记了基于纸张的ECG图像中的R峰。之后，将从每个图像计算的RR间隔与相应数字化信号的RR间隔进行比较。 COVID-19 ECG图像数据集上的实验表明，提出的数字化方法能够正确捕获原始信号，平均绝对误差为28.11 ms。我们提出的1D-CNN模型在数字化的心电图信号上进行了训练，允许准确识别患有COVID-19和其他受试者的个体，分类精度为98.42％，95.63％和98.50％，用于分类COVID-19 vs.正常，与正常人分类， COVID-19与异常心跳和Covid-19和其他类别分别与其他阶级。此外，提出的方法还为多分类任务实现了高级的性能。我们的发现表明，经过数字化的心电图信号训练的深度学习系统可以作为诊断Covid-19的潜在工具。

心血管疾病（CVD）是一组心脏和血管疾病，是对人类健康最严重的危险之一，此类患者的数量仍在增长。早期，准确的检测在成功治疗和干预中起着关键作用。心电图（ECG）是识别各种心血管异常的金标准。在临床实践和当前大多数研究中，主要使用标准的12铅ECG。但是，使用较少的铅可以使ECG更加普遍，因为可以通过便携式或可穿戴设备来方便地记录它。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种新颖的深度学习系统，以仅使用三个ECG铅来准确识别多个心血管异常。

图表神经网络（GNNS）最近被呈现为用于图形结构数据的强大框架。它们已应用于许多问题，如知识图分析，社交网络推荐，甚至Covid19检测和疫苗发展。然而，与其他深度神经网络（例如馈送前进神经网络（FFNN））不同，诸如验证和性质推论的诸多分析存在，可能是由于GNN的动态行为，这可以采用任意图形作为输入，而仅采用固定大小的FFNN数值vecors作为输入。本文提出了一种通过将它们转换为FFNNS并重用现有的FFNN分析来分析GNN的方法。我们讨论各种设计，以确保转化的可扩展性和准确性。我们在节点分类的研究案例上说明了我们的方法。我们认为，我们的方法开启了了解和分析GNN的新研究方向。

大多数算法研究到目前为止，多智能经纪信息设计的研究专注于没有代理商外部性的限制情况;一些例外调查了真正的战略游戏，如零和游戏和二价格拍卖，但只关注最佳的公共信令。本文启动了\ emph {public}和\ emph {privy}信号传导的算法信息设计，其中of基本的外部性，即单例拥塞游戏，在今天的数字经济中的应用范围广，机器调度，路由，对于公共和私人信令等，我们表明，当资源数量是常数时，可以有效地计算最佳信息设计。为了我们的知识，这是一系列高效的\ EMPH {精确}算法，用于在简明地代表的许多玩家游戏中的信息设计。我们的结果符合新颖的技术，如开发某些“减少形式”，以便在公共信令中紧凑地表征均衡或代表私人信令中的球员边际信仰。当有许多资源时，我们会显示计算难扰性结果。为了克服多个均衡问题，这里我们介绍了均衡 - \ EMPH {忽视}硬度的新概念，这条规定了计算良好信令方案的任何可能性，而不管均衡选择规则如何。

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world, and early DR detection is necessary to prevent vision loss and support an appropriate treatment. In this work, we leverage interactive machine learning and introduce a joint learning framework, termed DRG-Net, to effectively learn both disease grading and multi-lesion segmentation. Our DRG-Net consists of two modules: (i) DRG-AI-System to classify DR Grading, localize lesion areas, and provide visual explanations; (ii) DRG-Expert-Interaction to receive feedback from user-expert and improve the DRG-AI-System. To deal with sparse data, we utilize transfer learning mechanisms to extract invariant feature representations by using Wasserstein distance and adversarial learning-based entropy minimization. Besides, we propose a novel attention strategy at both low- and high-level features to automatically select the most significant lesion information and provide explainable properties. In terms of human interaction, we further develop DRG-Net as a tool that enables expert users to correct the system's predictions, which may then be used to update the system as a whole. Moreover, thanks to the attention mechanism and loss functions constraint between lesion features and classification features, our approach can be robust given a certain level of noise in the feedback of users. We have benchmarked DRG-Net on the two largest DR datasets, i.e., IDRID and FGADR, and compared it to various state-of-the-art deep learning networks. In addition to outperforming other SOTA approaches, DRG-Net is effectively updated using user feedback, even in a weakly-supervised manner.

Research has shown that climate change creates warmer temperatures and drier conditions, leading to longer wildfire seasons and increased wildfire risks in the United States. These factors have in turn led to increases in the frequency, extent, and severity of wildfires in recent years. Given the danger posed by wildland fires to people, property, wildlife, and the environment, there is an urgency to provide tools for effective wildfire management. Early detection of wildfires is essential to minimizing potentially catastrophic destruction. In this paper, we present our work on integrating multiple data sources in SmokeyNet, a deep learning model using spatio-temporal information to detect smoke from wildland fires. Camera image data is integrated with weather sensor measurements and processed by SmokeyNet to create a multimodal wildland fire smoke detection system. We present our results comparing performance in terms of both accuracy and time-to-detection for multimodal data vs. a single data source. With a time-to-detection of only a few minutes, SmokeyNet can serve as an automated early notification system, providing a useful tool in the fight against destructive wildfires.

In this work, we propose a new approach that combines data from multiple sensors for reliable obstacle avoidance. The sensors include two depth cameras and a LiDAR arranged so that they can capture the whole 3D area in front of the robot and a 2D slide around it. To fuse the data from these sensors, we first use an external camera as a reference to combine data from two depth cameras. A projection technique is then introduced to convert the 3D point cloud data of the cameras to its 2D correspondence. An obstacle avoidance algorithm is then developed based on the dynamic window approach. A number of experiments have been conducted to evaluate our proposed approach. The results show that the robot can effectively avoid static and dynamic obstacles of different shapes and sizes in different environments.

In the era of Internet of Things (IoT), network-wide anomaly detection is a crucial part of monitoring IoT networks due to the inherent security vulnerabilities of most IoT devices. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) has been proposed to separate network traffics into two disjoint subspaces corresponding to normal and malicious behaviors for anomaly detection. However, the privacy concerns and limitations of devices' computing resources compromise the practical effectiveness of PCA. We propose a federated PCA-based Grassmannian optimization framework that coordinates IoT devices to aggregate a joint profile of normal network behaviors for anomaly detection. First, we introduce a privacy-preserving federated PCA framework to simultaneously capture the profile of various IoT devices' traffic. Then, we investigate the alternating direction method of multipliers gradient-based learning on the Grassmann manifold to guarantee fast training and the absence of detecting latency using limited computational resources. Empirical results on the NSL-KDD dataset demonstrate that our method outperforms baseline approaches. Finally, we show that the Grassmann manifold algorithm is highly adapted for IoT anomaly detection, which permits drastically reducing the analysis time of the system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first federated PCA algorithm for anomaly detection meeting the requirements of IoT networks.