最近，神经辐射场（NERF）在重建3D场景并从一组稀疏的2D图像中综合新视图方面表现出了有希望的表演。尽管有效，但NERF的性能受到训练样品质量的很大影响。由于现场有限的图像，Nerf无法很好地概括到新颖的观点，并可能崩溃到未观察到的区域中的琐碎解决方案。这使得在资源约束的情况下不切实际。在本文中，我们提出了一个新颖的学习框架Activenerf，旨在模拟一个3D场景，并具有限制的输入预算。具体而言，我们首先将不确定性估计纳入NERF模型，该模型在很少的观察下确保了鲁棒性，并提供了NERF如何理解场景的解释。在此基础上，我们建议根据积极学习方案将现有的培训设置补充新捕获的样本。通过评估给定新输入的不确定性的降低，我们选择了带来最多信息增益的样本。这样，可以通过最少的额外资源来提高新型视图合成的质量。广泛的实验验证了我们模型在现实和合成场景上的性能，尤其是在稀缺的训练数据中。代码将在\ url {https://github.com/leaplabthu/activenerf}上发布。

变压器最近在各种视觉任务上表现出卓越的性能。大型有时甚至全球，接收领域赋予变换器模型，并通过其CNN对应物具有更高的表示功率。然而，简单地扩大接收领域也产生了几个问题。一方面，使用致密的注意，例如，在VIT中，导致过度的记忆和计算成本，并且特征可以受到超出兴趣区域的无关紧要的影响。另一方面，PVT或SWIN变压器采用的稀疏注意是数据不可知论，可能会限制模拟长距离关系的能力。为了缓解这些问题，我们提出了一种新型可变形的自我关注模块，其中以数据相关的方式选择密钥和值对中的密钥和值对的位置。这种灵活的方案使自我关注模块能够专注于相关区域并捕获更多的信息性功能。在此基础上，我们呈现可变形的关注变压器，一般骨干模型，具有可变形关注的图像分类和密集预测任务。广泛的实验表明，我们的模型在综合基准上实现了一致的改善结果。代码可在https://github.com/leaplabthu/dat上获得。

卷积和自我关注是表示学习的两个强大的技术，通常被认为是两个与彼此不同的对等方法。在本文中，我们表明它们之间存在强烈的潜在关系，从而在这两个范式的大部分计算实际上以相同的操作完成。具体来说，我们首先表明，具有内核大小k x k的传统卷积可以分解为k ^ 2个单独的1x1卷积，然后是换档和求和操作。然后，我们将自我注意模块中的查询，键和值解释为多个1x1卷积，然后计算注意力权重和值的聚合。因此，两个模块的第一阶段包括类似的操作。更重要的是，第一阶段有助于与第二阶段相比的主导计算复杂性（信道大小的正方形）。这种观察结果自然导致这两个看似独特的范例的优雅集成，即享有自我关注和卷积（ACMIX）的益处的混合模型，同时与纯卷积或自我关注对应相比具有最小的计算开销。广泛的实验表明，我们的模型在图像识别和下游任务上持续改进了竞争基础的结果。代码和预先训练的型号将在https://github.com/panxuran/acmix和https://gitee.com/mindspore/models发布。

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) remains challenging due to the diversity of distortion and image content variation, which complicate the distortion patterns crossing different scales and aggravate the difficulty of the regression problem for BIQA. However, existing BIQA methods often fail to consider multi-scale distortion patterns and image content, and little research has been done on learning strategies to make the regression model produce better performance. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective Progressive Multi-Task Image Quality Assessment (PMT-IQA) model, which contains a multi-scale feature extraction module (MS) and a progressive multi-task learning module (PMT), to help the model learn complex distortion patterns and better optimize the regression issue to align with the law of human learning process from easy to hard. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed PMT-IQA model, we conduct experiments on four widely used public datasets, and the experimental results indicate that the performance of PMT-IQA is superior to the comparison approaches, and both MS and PMT modules improve the model's performance.

In this paper, we study the problem of knowledge-intensive text-to-SQL, in which domain knowledge is necessary to parse expert questions into SQL queries over domain-specific tables. We formalize this scenario by building a new Chinese benchmark KnowSQL consisting of domain-specific questions covering various domains. We then address this problem by presenting formulaic knowledge, rather than by annotating additional data examples. More concretely, we construct a formulaic knowledge bank as a domain knowledge base and propose a framework (ReGrouP) to leverage this formulaic knowledge during parsing. Experiments using ReGrouP demonstrate a significant 28.2% improvement overall on KnowSQL.

Temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to identify the temporal boundary of a specific segment from an untrimmed video by a sentence query. All existing works first utilize a sparse sampling strategy to extract a fixed number of video frames and then conduct multi-modal interactions with query sentence for reasoning. However, we argue that these methods have overlooked two indispensable issues: 1) Boundary-bias: The annotated target segment generally refers to two specific frames as corresponding start and end timestamps. The video downsampling process may lose these two frames and take the adjacent irrelevant frames as new boundaries. 2) Reasoning-bias: Such incorrect new boundary frames also lead to the reasoning bias during frame-query interaction, reducing the generalization ability of model. To alleviate above limitations, in this paper, we propose a novel Siamese Sampling and Reasoning Network (SSRN) for TSG, which introduces a siamese sampling mechanism to generate additional contextual frames to enrich and refine the new boundaries. Specifically, a reasoning strategy is developed to learn the inter-relationship among these frames and generate soft labels on boundaries for more accurate frame-query reasoning. Such mechanism is also able to supplement the absent consecutive visual semantics to the sampled sparse frames for fine-grained activity understanding. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of SSRN on three challenging datasets.

We introduce Argoverse 2 (AV2) - a collection of three datasets for perception and forecasting research in the self-driving domain. The annotated Sensor Dataset contains 1,000 sequences of multimodal data, encompassing high-resolution imagery from seven ring cameras, and two stereo cameras in addition to lidar point clouds, and 6-DOF map-aligned pose. Sequences contain 3D cuboid annotations for 26 object categories, all of which are sufficiently-sampled to support training and evaluation of 3D perception models. The Lidar Dataset contains 20,000 sequences of unlabeled lidar point clouds and map-aligned pose. This dataset is the largest ever collection of lidar sensor data and supports self-supervised learning and the emerging task of point cloud forecasting. Finally, the Motion Forecasting Dataset contains 250,000 scenarios mined for interesting and challenging interactions between the autonomous vehicle and other actors in each local scene. Models are tasked with the prediction of future motion for "scored actors" in each scenario and are provided with track histories that capture object location, heading, velocity, and category. In all three datasets, each scenario contains its own HD Map with 3D lane and crosswalk geometry - sourced from data captured in six distinct cities. We believe these datasets will support new and existing machine learning research problems in ways that existing datasets do not. All datasets are released under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license.

As an important variant of entity alignment (EA), multi-modal entity alignment (MMEA) aims to discover identical entities across different knowledge graphs (KGs) with multiple modalities like images. However, current MMEA algorithms all adopt KG-level modality fusion strategies but ignore modality differences among individual entities, hurting the robustness to potential noise involved in modalities (e.g., unidentifiable images and relations). In this paper we present MEAformer, a multi-modal entity alignment transformer approach for meta modality hybrid, to dynamically predict the mutual correlation coefficients among modalities for instance-level feature fusion. A modal-aware hard entity replay strategy is also proposed for addressing vague entity details. Extensive experimental results show that our model not only achieves SOTA performance on multiple training scenarios including supervised, unsupervised, iterative, and low resource, but also has limited parameters, optimistic speed, and good interpretability. Our code will be available soon.

Deep learning has been widely used for protein engineering. However, it is limited by the lack of sufficient experimental data to train an accurate model for predicting the functional fitness of high-order mutants. Here, we develop SESNet, a supervised deep-learning model to predict the fitness for protein mutants by leveraging both sequence and structure information, and exploiting attention mechanism. Our model integrates local evolutionary context from homologous sequences, the global evolutionary context encoding rich semantic from the universal protein sequence space and the structure information accounting for the microenvironment around each residue in a protein. We show that SESNet outperforms state-of-the-art models for predicting the sequence-function relationship on 26 deep mutational scanning datasets. More importantly, we propose a data augmentation strategy by leveraging the data from unsupervised models to pre-train our model. After that, our model can achieve strikingly high accuracy in prediction of the fitness of protein mutants, especially for the higher order variants (> 4 mutation sites), when finetuned by using only a small number of experimental mutation data (<50). The strategy proposed is of great practical value as the required experimental effort, i.e., producing a few tens of experimental mutation data on a given protein, is generally affordable by an ordinary biochemical group and can be applied on almost any protein.

Pure transformers have shown great potential for vision tasks recently. However, their accuracy in small or medium datasets is not satisfactory. Although some existing methods introduce a CNN as a teacher to guide the training process by distillation, the gap between teacher and student networks would lead to sub-optimal performance. In this work, we propose a new One-shot Vision transformer search framework with Online distillation, namely OVO. OVO samples sub-nets for both teacher and student networks for better distillation results. Benefiting from the online distillation, thousands of subnets in the supernet are well-trained without extra finetuning or retraining. In experiments, OVO-Ti achieves 73.32% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet and 75.2% on CIFAR-100, respectively.