Recent investigations on rotation invariance for 3D point clouds have been devoted to devising rotation-invariant feature descriptors or learning canonical spaces where objects are semantically aligned. Examinations of learning frameworks for invariance have seldom been looked into. In this work, we review rotation invariance in terms of point cloud registration and propose an effective framework for rotation invariance learning via three sequential stages, namely rotation-invariant shape encoding, aligned feature integration, and deep feature registration. We first encode shape descriptors constructed with respect to reference frames defined over different scales, e.g., local patches and global topology, to generate rotation-invariant latent shape codes. Within the integration stage, we propose Aligned Integration Transformer to produce a discriminative feature representation by integrating point-wise self- and cross-relations established within the shape codes. Meanwhile, we adopt rigid transformations between reference frames to align the shape codes for feature consistency across different scales. Finally, the deep integrated feature is registered to both rotation-invariant shape codes to maximize feature similarities, such that rotation invariance of the integrated feature is preserved and shared semantic information is implicitly extracted from shape codes. Experimental results on 3D shape classification, part segmentation, and retrieval tasks prove the feasibility of our work. Our project page is released at: https://rotation3d.github.io/.

Objective: Thigh muscle group segmentation is important for assessment of muscle anatomy, metabolic disease and aging. Many efforts have been put into quantifying muscle tissues with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging including manual annotation of individual muscles. However, leveraging publicly available annotations in MR images to achieve muscle group segmentation on single slice computed tomography (CT) thigh images is challenging. Method: We propose an unsupervised domain adaptation pipeline with self-training to transfer labels from 3D MR to single CT slice. First, we transform the image appearance from MR to CT with CycleGAN and feed the synthesized CT images to a segmenter simultaneously. Single CT slices are divided into hard and easy cohorts based on the entropy of pseudo labels inferenced by the segmenter. After refining easy cohort pseudo labels based on anatomical assumption, self-training with easy and hard splits is applied to fine tune the segmenter. Results: On 152 withheld single CT thigh images, the proposed pipeline achieved a mean Dice of 0.888(0.041) across all muscle groups including sartorius, hamstrings, quadriceps femoris and gracilis. muscles Conclusion: To our best knowledge, this is the first pipeline to achieve thigh imaging domain adaptation from MR to CT. The proposed pipeline is effective and robust in extracting muscle groups on 2D single slice CT thigh images.The container is available for public use at https://github.com/MASILab/DA_CT_muscle_seg

We present a unified formulation and model for three motion and 3D perception tasks: optical flow, rectified stereo matching and unrectified stereo depth estimation from posed images. Unlike previous specialized architectures for each specific task, we formulate all three tasks as a unified dense correspondence matching problem, which can be solved with a single model by directly comparing feature similarities. Such a formulation calls for discriminative feature representations, which we achieve using a Transformer, in particular the cross-attention mechanism. We demonstrate that cross-attention enables integration of knowledge from another image via cross-view interactions, which greatly improves the quality of the extracted features. Our unified model naturally enables cross-task transfer since the model architecture and parameters are shared across tasks. We outperform RAFT with our unified model on the challenging Sintel dataset, and our final model that uses a few additional task-specific refinement steps outperforms or compares favorably to recent state-of-the-art methods on 10 popular flow, stereo and depth datasets, while being simpler and more efficient in terms of model design and inference speed.

2D低剂量单板腹部计算机断层扫描（CT）切片可直接测量身体成分，这对于对衰老的健康关系进行定量表征至关重要。然而，由于不同年内获得的纵向切片之间的位置方差，使用2D腹部切片对人体成分变化的纵向分析具有挑战性。为了减少位置差异，我们将条件生成模型扩展到我们的C-斜肌，该模型在腹部区域进行任意轴向切片作为条件，并通过估计潜在空间的结构变化来生成定义的椎骨水平切片。对来自内部数据集的1170名受试者的实验和BTCV Miccai挑战赛的50名受试者的实验表明，我们的模型可以从现实主义和相似性方面产生高质量的图像。来自巴尔的摩纵向研究（BLSA）数据集的20名受试者的外部实验，其中包含纵向单腹部切片验证了我们的方法可以在肌肉和内脏脂肪面积方面与切片的位置方差进行协调。我们的方法提供了一个有希望的方向，将切片从不同的椎骨水平映射到目标切片，以减少单个切片纵向分析的位置差异。源代码可在以下网址获得：https：//github.com/masilab/c-slicegen。

Transformer-based models, capable of learning better global dependencies, have recently demonstrated exceptional representation learning capabilities in computer vision and medical image analysis. Transformer reformats the image into separate patches and realize global communication via the self-attention mechanism. However, positional information between patches is hard to preserve in such 1D sequences, and loss of it can lead to sub-optimal performance when dealing with large amounts of heterogeneous tissues of various sizes in 3D medical image segmentation. Additionally, current methods are not robust and efficient for heavy-duty medical segmentation tasks such as predicting a large number of tissue classes or modeling globally inter-connected tissues structures. Inspired by the nested hierarchical structures in vision transformer, we proposed a novel 3D medical image segmentation method (UNesT), employing a simplified and faster-converging transformer encoder design that achieves local communication among spatially adjacent patch sequences by aggregating them hierarchically. We extensively validate our method on multiple challenging datasets, consisting anatomies of 133 structures in brain, 14 organs in abdomen, 4 hierarchical components in kidney, and inter-connected kidney tumors). We show that UNesT consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance and evaluate its generalizability and data efficiency. Particularly, the model achieves whole brain segmentation task complete ROI with 133 tissue classes in single network, outperforms prior state-of-the-art method SLANT27 ensembled with 27 network tiles, our model performance increases the mean DSC score of the publicly available Colin and CANDI dataset from 0.7264 to 0.7444 and from 0.6968 to 0.7025, respectively.

异常检测任务在AI安全中起着至关重要的作用。处理这项任务存在巨大的挑战。观察结果表明，深度神经网络分类器通常倾向于以高信心将分布（OOD）输入分为分配类别。现有的工作试图通过在培训期间向分类器暴露于分类器时明确对分类器施加不确定性来解决问题。在本文中，我们提出了一种替代概率范式，该范式实际上对OOD检测任务既有用，又可行。特别是，我们在培训过程中施加了近距离和离群数据之间的统计独立性，以确保inlier数据在培训期间向深度估计器显示有关OOD数据的信息很少。具体而言，我们通过Hilbert-Schmidt独立标准（HSIC）估算了Inlier和离群数据之间的统计依赖性，并在培训期间对此类度量进行了惩罚。我们还将方法与推理期间的新型统计测试相关联，加上我们的原则动机。经验结果表明，我们的方法对各种基准测试的OOD检测是有效且可靠的。与SOTA模型相比，我们的方法在FPR95，AUROC和AUPR指标方面取得了重大改进。代码可用：\ url {https://github.com/jylins/hone}。

恢复面部和文档图像的检测是一项重要的法医任务。经过深入的学习，面部抗散热器（FAS）和重新接收的文件检测的表现得到了显着改善。但是，对于法医提示较弱的样品，表演尚不令人满意。可以量化法医提示的数量，以允许可靠的法医结果。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个放大性评估网络，以量化质疑样品的允许性。在实际重新接收检测过程之前，将拒绝低固定性样品，以提高重新接收检测系统的效率。我们首先提取与图像质量评估和法医任务相关的判定性特征。通过利用图像质量和法医功能的法医应用的域知识，我们定义了特定于任务的规定类别和特征空间中的初始化位置。根据提取的功能和定义的中心，我们使用跨凝结损失训练提出的法医评估网络（FANET），并使用基于动量的更新方法更新中心。我们将受过训练的粉丝与实际重新接收检测方案相结合，并在抗spofing和重新接收的文档检测任务中。实验结果表明，对于基于CNN的FAS方案而言，狂热者通过拒绝最低30％放大性得分的样本，将EERS从Rose to IDIAP方案下的ERS降低到19.23％。在被拒绝的样品中，FAS方案的性能很差，EER高达56.48％。在FAS中的最新方法和重新接收的文档检测任务中，已经观察到了拒绝低差异性样品的类似性能。据我们所知，这是评估重新捕获文档图像并提高系统效率的第一份工作。

面对抗泡沫（FAS）和伪造探测在保护面部生物识别系统免受演示攻击（PAS）和恶性数字操作（例如，Deepfakes）中的生物识别系统中起着至关重要的作用。尽管大规模数据和强大的深层模型有希望的表现，但现有方法的概括问题仍然是一个空旷的问题。最近的大多数方法都集中在1）单峰视觉外观或生理学（即远程光摄影学（RPPG））线索；和2）用于FAS或面部伪造检测的分离特征表示。一方面，单峰外观和RPPG功能分别容易受到高保真的面孔3D面膜和视频重播攻击的影响，从而激发了我们设计可靠的多模式融合机制，用于广义面部攻击检​​测。另一方面，FAS和面部伪造探测任务（例如，定期的RPPG节奏和BONAFIDE的香草外观）都有丰富的共同特征，提供了可靠的证据来设计联合FAS和面部伪造探测系统，以多任务学习方式。在本文中，我们使用视觉外观和生理RPPG提示建立了第一个关节面欺骗和伪造的检测基准。为了增强RPPG的周期性歧视，我们使用两种面部时空时代的RPPG信号图及其连续小波转换为输入的两分支生理网络。为了减轻模态偏差并提高融合功效，我们在多模式融合之前对外观和RPPG特征进行了加权批次和层归一化。我们发现，可以通过对这两个任务的联合培训来改善单峰（外观或RPPG）和多模式（外观+RPPG）模型的概括能力。我们希望这种新的基准将促进FAS和DeepFake检测社区的未来研究。

尽管不断努力提高代码搜索的有效性和效率，但仍未解决两个问题。首先，编程语言具有固有的牢固结构链接，并且代码的特征是文本表单将省略其中包含的结构信息。其次，代码和查询之间存在潜在的语义关系，跨序列对齐代码和文本是具有挑战性的，因此在相似性匹配期间，向量在空间上保持一致。为了解决这两个问题，在本文中，提出了一个名为CSSAM的代码搜索模型（代码语义和结构注意匹配）。通过引入语义和结构匹配机制，CSSAM有效提取并融合了多维代码功能。具体而言，开发了交叉和残留层，以促进代码和查询的高纬度空间比对。通过利用残差交互，匹配模块旨在保留更多的代码语义和描述性功能，从而增强了代码及其相应查询文本之间的附着力。此外，为了提高模型对代码固有结构的理解，提出了一个名为CSRG的代码表示结构（代码语义表示图），用于共同表示抽象语法树节点和代码的数据流。根据两个包含540K和330K代码段的公开可用数据集的实验结果，CSSAM在两个数据集中分别在获得最高的SR@1/5/10，MRR和NDCG@50方面大大优于基本线。此外，进行消融研究是为了定量衡量CSSAM每个关键组成部分对代码搜索效率和有效性的影响，这为改进高级代码搜索解决方案提供了见解。

由于其效率，一声神经架构搜索（NAS）已被广泛用于发现架构。但是，先前的研究表明，由于架构之间的操作参数过度共享（即大共享范围），架构的一声绩效估计可能与他们在独立培训中的表现没有很好的相关性。因此，最近的方法构建了更高参数化的超级链，以降低共享程度。但是这些改进的方法引入了大量额外的参数，因此在培训成本和排名质量之间导致不良的权衡。为了减轻上述问题，我们建议将课程学习应用于共享范围（接近），以有效地训练超级网。具体而言，我们在一开始就以很大的共享范围（简单的课程）训练超网，并逐渐降低了超级网的共享程度（更难的课程）。为了支持这种培训策略，我们设计了一个新颖的超级网（闭合性），该超级网（CLESENET）将参数从操作中解耦，以实现灵活的共享方案和可调节的共享范围。广泛的实验表明，与其他一击的超级网络相比，Close可以在不同的计算预算限制中获得更好的排名质量，并且在与各种搜索策略结合使用时能够发现出色的体系结构。代码可从https://github.com/walkerning/aw_nas获得。