Time-series anomaly detection is an important task and has been widely applied in the industry. Since manual data annotation is expensive and inefficient, most applications adopt unsupervised anomaly detection methods, but the results are usually sub-optimal and unsatisfactory to end customers. Weak supervision is a promising paradigm for obtaining considerable labels in a low-cost way, which enables the customers to label data by writing heuristic rules rather than annotating each instance individually. However, in the time-series domain, it is hard for people to write reasonable labeling functions as the time-series data is numerically continuous and difficult to be understood. In this paper, we propose a Label-Efficient Interactive Time-Series Anomaly Detection (LEIAD) system, which enables a user to improve the results of unsupervised anomaly detection by performing only a small amount of interactions with the system. To achieve this goal, the system integrates weak supervision and active learning collaboratively while generating labeling functions automatically using only a few labeled data. All of these techniques are complementary and can promote each other in a reinforced manner. We conduct experiments on three time-series anomaly detection datasets, demonstrating that the proposed system is superior to existing solutions in both weak supervision and active learning areas. Also, the system has been tested in a real scenario in industry to show its practicality.
translated by 谷歌翻译
Attention-based neural networks, such as Transformers, have become ubiquitous in numerous applications, including computer vision, natural language processing, and time-series analysis. In all kinds of attention networks, the attention maps are crucial as they encode semantic dependencies between input tokens. However, most existing attention networks perform modeling or reasoning based on representations, wherein the attention maps of different layers are learned separately without explicit interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel and generic evolving attention mechanism, which directly models the evolution of inter-token relationships through a chain of residual convolutional modules. The major motivations are twofold. On the one hand, the attention maps in different layers share transferable knowledge, thus adding a residual connection can facilitate the information flow of inter-token relationships across layers. On the other hand, there is naturally an evolutionary trend among attention maps at different abstraction levels, so it is beneficial to exploit a dedicated convolution-based module to capture this process. Equipped with the proposed mechanism, the convolution-enhanced evolving attention networks achieve superior performance in various applications, including time-series representation, natural language understanding, machine translation, and image classification. Especially on time-series representation tasks, Evolving Attention-enhanced Dilated Convolutional (EA-DC-) Transformer outperforms state-of-the-art models significantly, achieving an average of 17% improvement compared to the best SOTA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that explicitly models the layer-wise evolution of attention maps. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/pkuyym/EvolvingAttention
translated by 谷歌翻译
为多个机器人制定安全,稳定和高效的避免障碍政策是具有挑战性的。大多数现有研究要么使用集中控制,要么需要与其他机器人进行通信。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于对数地图的新型对数深度强化学习方法,以避免复杂且无通信的多机器人方案。特别是,我们的方法将激光信息转换为对数图。为了提高训练速度和概括性能,我们的政策将在两个专门设计的多机器人方案中进行培训。与其他方法相比,对数图可以更准确地表示障碍,并提高避免障碍的成功率。我们最终在各种模拟和现实情况下评估了我们的方法。结果表明,我们的方法为复杂的多机器人场景和行人场景中的机器人提供了一种更稳定,更有效的导航解决方案。视频可在https://youtu.be/r0esuxe6mze上找到。
translated by 谷歌翻译
AD相关建模在包括Microsoft Bing在内的在线广告系统中起着至关重要的作用。为了利用强大的变压器在这种低延迟设置中,许多现有方法脱机执行广告端计算。虽然有效,但这些方法无法提供冷启动广告,从而导致对此类广告的相关性预测不佳。这项工作旨在通过结构化修剪设计一种新的低延迟BERT,以在CPU平台上授权实时在线推断对Cold Start Ads相关性。我们的挑战是,以前的方法通常将变压器的所有层都缩减为高,均匀的稀疏性,从而产生无法以可接受的精度实现令人满意的推理速度的模型。在本文中,我们提出了SwiftPruner - 一个有效的框架,利用基于进化的搜索自动在所需的延迟约束下自动找到表现最佳的稀疏BERT模型。与进行随机突变的现有进化算法不同,我们提出了一个具有潜伏意见的多目标奖励的增强突变器,以进行更好的突变,以有效地搜索层稀疏模型的大空间。广泛的实验表明,与均匀的稀疏基线和最先进的搜索方法相比,我们的方法始终达到更高的ROC AUC和更低的潜伏度。值得注意的是,根据我们在1900年的延迟需求,SwiftPruner的AUC比Bert-Mini在大型现实世界数据集中的最先进的稀疏基线高0.86%。在线A/B测试表明,我们的模型还达到了有缺陷的冷启动广告的比例,并获得了令人满意的实时服务延迟。
translated by 谷歌翻译
工业推荐系统通常提出包含来自多个子系统的结果的混合列表。实际上,每个子系统都使用自己的反馈数据进行了优化,以避免不同子系统之间的干扰。但是,我们认为,由于\ textit {数据稀疏},此类数据使用可能会导致次优的在线性能。为了减轻此问题,我们建议从包含网络尺度和长期印象数据的\ textit {super-domain}中提取知识,并进一步协助在线推荐任务(下游任务)。为此,我们提出了一个新颖的工业\ textbf {k} nowl \ textbf {e} dge \ textbf {e} xtraction和\ textbf {p} lugging(\ textbf {keep})框架,这是一个两阶段的框架其中包括1)超级域上有监督的预训练知识提取模块,以及2)将提取的知识纳入下游模型的插件网络。这使得对在线推荐的逐步培训变得友好。此外,我们设计了一种有效的经验方法,用于在大规模工业系统中实施Keep时保持和介绍我们的动手经验。在两个现实世界数据集上进行的实验表明,保持可以实现有希望的结果。值得注意的是,Keep也已部署在阿里巴巴的展示广告系统上,带来了$+5.4 \%$ CTR和$+4.7 \%\%$ rpm的提升。
translated by 谷歌翻译
为了为机器学习模型创建大量的培训标签,有效,有效地,研究人员转向了使用程序化标签源而不是手动注释的弱监督(WS)。 WS用于二进制分类的现有作品通常假设存在能够以大致平衡比例分配正面和负标签的标签源。但是,对于有少数族裔积极阶级的许多感兴趣的任务,负面示例可能太多了,对于开发人员而言,无法生成指示性标签来源。因此,在这项工作中,我们研究了WS在二元分类任务中的应用,仅具有正标源。我们提出了一种武器,这是一种简单而有竞争力的WS方法,用于生产培训标签而无需负标签。在10个基准数据集中,我们显示了武器在合成标签的质量和使用这些标签监督的最终分类器的性能方面取得了最高的平均性能。我们将\方法的实现纳入了现有的基准测试平台扳手。
translated by 谷歌翻译
在复杂的协调问题中,深层合作多智能经纪增强学习(Marl)的高效探索仍然依然存在挑战。在本文中,我们介绍了一种具有奇妙驱动的探索的新型情节多功能钢筋学习,称为EMC。我们利用对流行分解的MARL算法的洞察力“诱导的”个体Q值,即用于本地执行的单个实用程序功能,是本地动作观察历史的嵌入,并且可以捕获因奖励而捕获代理之间的相互作用在集中培训期间的反向化。因此,我们使用单独的Q值的预测误差作为协调勘探的内在奖励,利用集肠内存来利用探索的信息经验来提高政策培训。随着代理商的个人Q值函数的动态捕获了国家的新颖性和其他代理人的影响,我们的内在奖励可以促使对新或有前途的国家的协调探索。我们通过教学实例说明了我们的方法的优势,并展示了在星际争霸II微互动基准中挑战任务的最先进的MARL基础上的其显着优势。
translated by 谷歌翻译
特征交互已被识别为机器学习中的一个重要问题,这对于点击率(CTR)预测任务也是非常重要的。近年来,深度神经网络(DNN)可以自动从原始稀疏功能中学习隐式非线性交互,因此已广泛用于工业CTR预测任务。然而,在DNN中学到的隐式特征交互不能完全保留原始和经验特征交互的完整表示容量(例如,笛卡尔产品)而不会损失。例如,简单地尝试学习特征A和特征B <A,B>作为新特征的显式笛卡尔产品表示可以胜过先前隐式功能交互模型,包括基于分解机(FM)的模型及其变体。在本文中,我们提出了一个共同行动网络(CAN),以近似于显式成对特征交互,而不会引入太多的附加参数。更具体地,给出特征A及其相关的特征B,通过学习两组参数来建模它们的特征交互:1)嵌入特征A和2)以表示特征B的多层Perceptron(MLP)。近似通过通过特征B的MLP网络传递特征A的嵌入可以获得特征交互。我们将这种成对特征交互作为特征合作,并且这种共动网单元可以提供拟合复合物的非常强大的容量功能交互。公共和工业数据集的实验结果表明,可以优于最先进的CTR模型和笛卡尔产品方法。此外,可以在阿里巴巴的显示广告系统中部署,获得12 \%的CTR和8 \%关于每个Mille(RPM)的收入,这是对业务的巨大改进。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Backdoor attacks have emerged as one of the major security threats to deep learning models as they can easily control the model's test-time predictions by pre-injecting a backdoor trigger into the model at training time. While backdoor attacks have been extensively studied on images, few works have investigated the threat of backdoor attacks on time series data. To fill this gap, in this paper we present a novel generative approach for time series backdoor attacks against deep learning based time series classifiers. Backdoor attacks have two main goals: high stealthiness and high attack success rate. We find that, compared to images, it can be more challenging to achieve the two goals on time series. This is because time series have fewer input dimensions and lower degrees of freedom, making it hard to achieve a high attack success rate without compromising stealthiness. Our generative approach addresses this challenge by generating trigger patterns that are as realistic as real-time series patterns while achieving a high attack success rate without causing a significant drop in clean accuracy. We also show that our proposed attack is resistant to potential backdoor defenses. Furthermore, we propose a novel universal generator that can poison any type of time series with a single generator that allows universal attacks without the need to fine-tune the generative model for new time series datasets.
translated by 谷歌翻译
奖励设计是增强学习应用的关键部分,其性能在很大程度上取决于奖励信号的效果如何,以及信号评估达到该目标的进度的程度。在许多情况下,环境提供的外部奖励(例如,胜利或丢失游戏)非常稀疏,因此很难直接训练代理商。研究人员通常通过在实践中添加一些辅助奖励来帮助学习代理商。但是,设计辅助奖励通常会转向试用搜索奖励设置,从而产生可接受的结果。在本文中,我们建议通过最大程度地提高哪些预期的累积外部奖励可以最大化,以自动生成目标的固有奖励,以学习代理。为此,我们介绍了动机的概念,该概念捕捉了最大化某些奖励并提出基于动机的奖励设计方法的基本目标。基本思想是通过最大程度地减少内在动机和外在动机之间的距离来塑造内在的奖励。我们进行了广泛的实验,并表明我们的方法在处理延迟奖励,探索和信用分配问题方面的最新方法要好。
translated by 谷歌翻译