In this paper, we target at the problem of learning a generalizable dynamic radiance field from monocular videos. Different from most existing NeRF methods that are based on multiple views, monocular videos only contain one view at each timestamp, thereby suffering from ambiguity along the view direction in estimating point features and scene flows. Previous studies such as DynNeRF disambiguate point features by positional encoding, which is not transferable and severely limits the generalization ability. As a result, these methods have to train one independent model for each scene and suffer from heavy computational costs when applying to increasing monocular videos in real-world applications. To address this, We propose MonoNeRF to simultaneously learn point features and scene flows with point trajectory and feature correspondence constraints across frames. More specifically, we learn an implicit velocity field to estimate point trajectory from temporal features with Neural ODE, which is followed by a flow-based feature aggregation module to obtain spatial features along the point trajectory. We jointly optimize temporal and spatial features by training the network in an end-to-end manner. Experiments show that our MonoNeRF is able to learn from multiple scenes and support new applications such as scene editing, unseen frame synthesis, and fast novel scene adaptation.
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Figure 1: Our method can synthesize novel views in both space and time from a single monocular video of a dynamic scene. Here we show video results with various configurations of fixing and interpolating view and time (left), as well as a visualization of the recovered scene geometry (right). Please view with Adobe Acrobat or KDE Okular to see animations.
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We address the problem of synthesizing novel views from a monocular video depicting a complex dynamic scene. State-of-the-art methods based on temporally varying Neural Radiance Fields (aka dynamic NeRFs) have shown impressive results on this task. However, for long videos with complex object motions and uncontrolled camera trajectories, these methods can produce blurry or inaccurate renderings, hampering their use in real-world applications. Instead of encoding the entire dynamic scene within the weights of an MLP, we present a new approach that addresses these limitations by adopting a volumetric image-based rendering framework that synthesizes new viewpoints by aggregating features from nearby views in a scene-motion-aware manner. Our system retains the advantages of prior methods in its ability to model complex scenes and view-dependent effects, but also enables synthesizing photo-realistic novel views from long videos featuring complex scene dynamics with unconstrained camera trajectories. We demonstrate significant improvements over state-of-the-art methods on dynamic scene datasets, and also apply our approach to in-the-wild videos with challenging camera and object motion, where prior methods fail to produce high-quality renderings. Our project webpage is at dynibar.github.io.
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Representing and synthesizing novel views in real-world dynamic scenes from casual monocular videos is a long-standing problem. Existing solutions typically approach dynamic scenes by applying geometry techniques or utilizing temporal information between several adjacent frames without considering the underlying background distribution in the entire scene or the transmittance over the ray dimension, limiting their performance on static and occlusion areas. Our approach $\textbf{D}$istribution-$\textbf{D}$riven neural radiance fields offers high-quality view synthesis and a 3D solution to $\textbf{D}$etach the background from the entire $\textbf{D}$ynamic scene, which is called $\text{D}^4$NeRF. Specifically, it employs a neural representation to capture the scene distribution in the static background and a 6D-input NeRF to represent dynamic objects, respectively. Each ray sample is given an additional occlusion weight to indicate the transmittance lying in the static and dynamic components. We evaluate $\text{D}^4$NeRF on public dynamic scenes and our urban driving scenes acquired from an autonomous-driving dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms previous methods in rendering texture details and motion areas while also producing a clean static background. Our code will be released at https://github.com/Luciferbobo/D4NeRF.
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https://video-nerf.github.io Figure 1. Our method takes a single casually captured video as input and learns a space-time neural irradiance field. (Top) Sample frames from the input video. (Middle) Novel view images rendered from textured meshes constructed from depth maps. (Bottom) Our results rendered from the proposed space-time neural irradiance field.
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Figure 1. Given a monocular image sequence, NR-NeRF reconstructs a single canonical neural radiance field to represent geometry and appearance, and a per-time-step deformation field. We can render the scene into a novel spatio-temporal camera trajectory that significantly differs from the input trajectory. NR-NeRF also learns rigidity scores and correspondences without direct supervision on either. We can use the rigidity scores to remove the foreground, we can supersample along the time dimension, and we can exaggerate or dampen motion.
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新颖的视图合成(NVS)和视频预测(VP)通常被视为计算机视觉中的不相交任务。但是,它们都可以看作是观察空间时代世界的方法:NVS的目的是从新的角度综合一个场景,而副总裁则旨在从新的时间点观看场景。这两个任务提供了互补的信号以获得场景表示形式,因为观点从空间观察中变化为深度的变化,并且时间观察为相机和单个对象的运动提供了信息。受这些观察的启发,我们建议研究时空(背心)中视频外推的问题。我们提出了一个模型,该模型利用了两项任务的自学和互补线索,而现有方法只能解决其中之一。实验表明,我们的方法比室内和室外现实世界数据集上的几种最先进的NVS和VP方法更好地实现了性能。
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3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis of dynamic scenes from collections of single views recently gained increased attention. Existing work shows impressive results for synthetic setups and forward-facing real-world data, but is severely limited in the training speed and angular range for generating novel views. This paper addresses these limitations and proposes a new method for full 360{\deg} novel view synthesis of non-rigidly deforming scenes. At the core of our method are: 1) An efficient deformation module that decouples the processing of spatial and temporal information for acceleration at training and inference time; and 2) A static module representing the canonical scene as a fast hash-encoded neural radiance field. We evaluate the proposed approach on the established synthetic D-NeRF benchmark, that enables efficient reconstruction from a single monocular view per time-frame randomly sampled from a full hemisphere. We refer to this form of inputs as monocularized data. To prove its practicality for real-world scenarios, we recorded twelve challenging sequences with human actors by sampling single frames from a synchronized multi-view rig. In both cases, our method is trained significantly faster than previous methods (minutes instead of days) while achieving higher visual accuracy for generated novel views. Our source code and data is available at our project page https://graphics.tu-bs.de/publications/kappel2022fast.
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我们提出了一些动态神经辐射场(FDNERF),这是第一种基于NERF的方法,能够根据少量动态图像重建和表达3D面的表达编辑。与需要密集图像作为输入的现有动态NERF不同,并且只能为单个身份建模,我们的方法可以使跨不同人的不同人进行面对重建。与设计用于建模静态场景的最先进的几杆NERF相比,提出的FDNERF接受视图的动态输入,并支持任意的面部表达编辑,即产生具有输入超出输入的新表达式的面孔。为了处理动态输入之间的不一致之处,我们引入了精心设计的条件特征翘曲(CFW)模块,以在2D特征空间中执行表达条件的翘曲,这也是身份自适应和3D约束。结果,不同表达式的特征被转换为目标的特征。然后,我们根据这些视图一致的特征构建一个辐射场,并使用体积渲染来合成建模面的新型视图。进行定量和定性评估的广泛实验表明,我们的方法在3D面重建和表达编辑任务上都优于现有的动态和几乎没有射击的NERF。我们的代码和模型将在接受后提供。
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最近的神经人类表示可以产生高质量的多视图渲染,但需要使用密集的多视图输入和昂贵的培训。因此,它们在很大程度上仅限于静态模型,因为每个帧都是不可行的。我们展示了人类学 - 一种普遍的神经表示 - 用于高保真自由观察动态人类的合成。类似于IBRNET如何通过避免每场景训练来帮助NERF,Humannerf跨多视图输入采用聚合像素对准特征,以及用于解决动态运动的姿势嵌入的非刚性变形场。原始人物员已经可以在稀疏视频输入的稀疏视频输入上产生合理的渲染。为了进一步提高渲染质量,我们使用外观混合模块增强了我们的解决方案,用于组合神经体积渲染和神经纹理混合的益处。各种多视图动态人类数据集的广泛实验证明了我们在挑战运动中合成照片 - 现实自由观点的方法和非常稀疏的相机视图输入中的普遍性和有效性。
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给定一个单眼视频,在恢复静态环境时进行分割和解耦动态对象是机器智能中广泛研究的问题。现有的解决方案通常在图像域中解决此问题,从而限制其对环境的性能和理解。我们介绍了脱钩的动态神经辐射场(D $^2 $ nerf),这是一种自制的方法,采用单眼视频,并学习了一个3D场景表示,该表示将移动对象(包括它们的阴影)从静态背景中解脱出来。我们的方法通过两个单独的神经辐射场表示移动对象和静态背景,只有一个允许时间变化。这种方法的幼稚实现导致动态组件接管静态的成分,因为前者的表示本质上更一般并且容易过度拟合。为此,我们提出了一种新颖的损失,以促进现象的正确分离。我们进一步提出了一个阴影场网络,以检测和解除动态移动的阴影。我们介绍了一个新的数据集,其中包含各种动态对象和阴影,并证明我们的方法可以在解耦动态和静态3D对象,遮挡和阴影删除以及移动对象的图像分段中获得比最新方法更好的性能。
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神经量渲染能够在自由观看中的人类表演者的照片真实效果图,这是沉浸式VR/AR应用中的关键任务。但是,这种做法受到渲染过程中高计算成本的严重限制。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了紫外线量,这是一种新方法,可以实时呈现人类表演者的可编辑免费视频视频。它将高频(即非平滑)的外观与3D体积分开,并将其编码为2D神经纹理堆栈(NTS)。光滑的紫外线量允许更小且较浅的神经网络获得3D的密度和纹理坐标,同时在2D NT中捕获详细的外观。为了编辑性,参数化的人类模型与平滑纹理坐标之间的映射使我们可以更好地对新型姿势和形状进行更好的概括。此外,NTS的使用启用了有趣的应用程序,例如重新启动。关于CMU Panoptic,ZJU MOCAP和H36M数据集的广泛实验表明,我们的模型平均可以在30fps中呈现960 * 540张图像,并具有可比的照片现实主义与先进方法。该项目和补充材料可从https://github.com/fanegg/uv-volumes获得。
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本文旨在减少透明辐射场的渲染时间。一些最近的作品用图像编码器配备了神经辐射字段,能够跨越场景概括,这避免了每场景优化。但是,它们的渲染过程通常很慢。主要因素是,在推断辐射场时,它们在空间中的大量点。在本文中,我们介绍了一个混合场景表示,它结合了最佳的隐式辐射场和显式深度映射,以便有效渲染。具体地,我们首先构建级联成本量,以有效地预测场景的粗糙几何形状。粗糙几何允许我们在场景表面附近的几个点来样,并显着提高渲染速度。该过程是完全可疑的,使我们能够仅从RGB图像共同学习深度预测和辐射现场网络。实验表明,该方法在DTU,真正的前瞻性和NERF合成数据集上展示了最先进的性能,而不是比以前的最可推广的辐射现场方法快至少50倍。我们还展示了我们的方法实时综合动态人类执行者的自由观点视频。代码将在https://zju3dv.github.io/enerf/处提供。
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Image view synthesis has seen great success in reconstructing photorealistic visuals, thanks to deep learning and various novel representations. The next key step in immersive virtual experiences is view synthesis of dynamic scenes. However, several challenges exist due to the lack of high-quality training datasets, and the additional time dimension for videos of dynamic scenes. To address this issue, we introduce a multi-view video dataset, captured with a custom 10-camera rig in 120FPS. The dataset contains 96 high-quality scenes showing various visual effects and human interactions in outdoor scenes. We develop a new algorithm, Deep 3D Mask Volume, which enables temporally-stable view extrapolation from binocular videos of dynamic scenes, captured by static cameras. Our algorithm addresses the temporal inconsistency of disocclusions by identifying the error-prone areas with a 3D mask volume, and replaces them with static background observed throughout the video. Our method enables manipulation in 3D space as opposed to simple 2D masks, We demonstrate better temporal stability than frame-by-frame static view synthesis methods, or those that use 2D masks. The resulting view synthesis videos show minimal flickering artifacts and allow for larger translational movements.
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我们提出了一种便携式多型摄像头系统,该系统具有专用模型,用于动态场景中的新型视图和时间综合。我们的目标是使用我们的便携式多座相机从任何角度从任何角度出发为动态场景提供高质量的图像。为了实现这种新颖的观点和时间综合,我们开发了一个配备了五个相机的物理多型摄像头,以在时间和空间域中训练神经辐射场(NERF),以进行动态场景。我们的模型将6D坐标(3D空间位置,1D时间坐标和2D观看方向)映射到观看依赖性且随时间变化的发射辐射和体积密度。量渲染用于在指定的相机姿势和时间上渲染光真实的图像。为了提高物理相机的鲁棒性,我们提出了一个摄像机参数优化模块和一个时间框架插值模块,以促进跨时间的信息传播。我们对现实世界和合成数据集进行了实验以评估我们的系统,结果表明,我们的方法在定性和定量上优于替代解决方案。我们的代码和数据集可从https://yuenfuilau.github.io获得。
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最近,神经辐射场(NERF)正在彻底改变新型视图合成(NVS)的卓越性能。但是,NERF及其变体通常需要进行冗长的每场训练程序,其中将多层感知器(MLP)拟合到捕获的图像中。为了解决挑战,已经提出了体素网格表示,以显着加快训练的速度。但是,这些现有方法只能处理静态场景。如何开发有效,准确的动态视图合成方法仍然是一个开放的问题。将静态场景的方法扩展到动态场景并不简单,因为场景几何形状和外观随时间变化。在本文中,基于素素网格优化的最新进展,我们提出了一种快速变形的辐射场方法来处理动态场景。我们的方法由两个模块组成。第一个模块采用变形网格来存储3D动态功能,以及使用插值功能将观测空间中的3D点映射到规范空间的变形的轻巧MLP。第二个模块包含密度和颜色网格,以建模场景的几何形状和密度。明确对阻塞进行了建模,以进一步提高渲染质量。实验结果表明,我们的方法仅使用20分钟的训练就可以实现与D-NERF相当的性能,该训练比D-NERF快70倍以上,这清楚地证明了我们提出的方法的效率。
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静态场景的新颖观看综合在生产照片逼真的结果方面取得了显着的进步。但是,对于动态内容的沉浸式渲染,仍然存在关键挑战。例如,一种基于精英图像的渲染框架之一,多平面图像(MPI)为静态场景产生高新的观看合成质量,但面临着建模动态部分的难度。此外,通过MPI建模动态变化可能需要庞大的存储空间和长期推理时间,其阻碍了其在实时方案中的应用。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的颞型MPI表示,其能够在整个视频中以紧凑的时间编码整个视频中的丰富的3D和动态变化信息。由于高度紧凑且表现力的潜在基础和共同学习的系数,任意时间实例的新颖 - 实例将能够实时具有高视觉质量。我们显示给定的可比内存消耗,我们提出的时间 - MPI框架能够生成时间实例MPI,只有0.002秒,速度快3000倍,与其他状态相比,3DB更高的平均视图合成PSNR - 艺术动态场景建模框架。
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本文解决了从多视频视频中重建动画人类模型的挑战。最近的一些作品提出,将一个非刚性变形的场景分解为规范的神经辐射场和一组变形场,它们映射观察空间指向规范空间,从而使它们能够从图像中学习动态场景。但是,它们代表变形场作为转换矢量场或SE(3)字段,这使得优化高度不受限制。此外,这些表示无法通过输入动议明确控制。取而代之的是,我们基于线性混合剥皮算法引入了一个姿势驱动的变形场,该算法结合了混合重量场和3D人类骨架,以产生观察到的对应对应。由于3D人类骨骼更容易观察到,因此它们可以正规化变形场的学习。此外,可以通过输入骨骼运动来控制姿势驱动的变形场,以生成新的变形字段来动画规范人类模型。实验表明,我们的方法显着优于最近的人类建模方法。该代码可在https://zju3dv.github.io/animatable_nerf/上获得。
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我们向渲染和时间(4D)重建人类的渲染和时间(4D)重建的神经辐射场,通过稀疏的摄像机捕获或甚至来自单眼视频。我们的方法将思想与神经场景表示,新颖的综合合成和隐式统计几何人称的人类表示相结合,耦合使用新颖的损失功能。在先前使用符号距离功能表示的结构化隐式人体模型,而不是使用统一的占用率来学习具有统一占用的光域字段。这使我们能够从稀疏视图中稳健地融合信息,并概括超出在训练中观察到的姿势或视图。此外,我们应用几何限制以共同学习观察到的主题的结构 - 包括身体和衣服 - 并将辐射场正规化为几何合理的解决方案。在多个数据集上的广泛实验证明了我们方法的稳健性和准确性,其概括能力显着超出了一系列的姿势和视图,以及超出所观察到的形状的统计外推。
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