Nowadays, fake news easily propagates through online social networks and becomes a grand threat to individuals and society. Assessing the authenticity of news is challenging due to its elaborately fabricated contents, making it difficult to obtain large-scale annotations for fake news data. Due to such data scarcity issues, detecting fake news tends to fail and overfit in the supervised setting. Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been adopted to leverage the richer relational information among both labeled and unlabeled instances. Despite their promising results, they are inherently focused on pairwise relations between news, which can limit the expressive power for capturing fake news that spreads in a group-level. For example, detecting fake news can be more effective when we better understand relations between news pieces shared among susceptible users. To address those issues, we propose to leverage a hypergraph to represent group-wise interaction among news, while focusing on important news relations with its dual-level attention mechanism. Experiments based on two benchmark datasets show that our approach yields remarkable performance and maintains the high performance even with a small subset of labeled news data.

Users' involvement in creating and propagating news is a vital aspect of fake news detection in online social networks. Intuitively, credible users are more likely to share trustworthy news, while untrusted users have a higher probability of spreading untrustworthy news. In this paper, we construct a dual-layer graph (i.e., the news layer and the user layer) to extract multiple relations of news and users in social networks to derive rich information for detecting fake news. Based on the dual-layer graph, we propose a fake news detection model named Us-DeFake. It learns the propagation features of news in the news layer and the interaction features of users in the user layer. Through the inter-layer in the graph, Us-DeFake fuses the user signals that contain credibility information into the news features, to provide distinctive user-aware embeddings of news for fake news detection. The training process conducts on multiple dual-layer subgraphs obtained by a graph sampler to scale Us-DeFake in large scale social networks. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets illustrate the superiority of Us-DeFake which outperforms all baselines, and the users' credibility signals learned by interaction relation can notably improve the performance of our model.

检测假新闻对于确保信息的真实性和维持新闻生态系统的可靠性至关重要。最近，由于最近的社交媒体和伪造的内容生成技术（例如Deep Fake）的扩散，假新闻内容的增加了。假新闻检测的大多数现有方式都集中在基于内容的方法上。但是，这些技术中的大多数无法处理生成模型生产的超现实合成媒体。我们最近的研究发现，真实和虚假新闻的传播特征是可以区分的，无论其方式如何。在这方面，我们已经根据社会环境调查了辅助信息，以检测假新闻。本文通过基于混合图神经网络的方法分析了假新闻检测的社会背景。该混合模型基于将图形神经网络集成到新闻内容上的新闻和BI定向编码器表示的传播中，以了解文本功能。因此，这种提出的方​​法可以学习内容以及上下文特征，因此能够在Politifact上以F1分别为0.91和0.93的基线模型和八西八角数据集的基线模型，分别超过了基线模型，分别在八西八学数据集中胜过0.93

图形神经网络（GNN）在解决图形结构数据（即网络）方面的各种分析任务方面已广受欢迎。典型的gnns及其变体遵循一种消息的方式，该方式通过网络拓扑沿网络拓扑的特征传播过程获得网络表示，然而，它们忽略了许多现实世界网络中存在的丰富文本语义（例如，局部单词序列）。现有的文本丰富网络方法通过主要利用内部信息（例如主题或短语/单词）来整合文本语义，这些信息通常无法全面地挖掘文本语义，从而限制了网络结构和文本语义之间的相互指导。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一个具有外部知识（TEKO）的新型文本富裕的图形神经网络，以充分利用文本丰富的网络中的结构和文本信息。具体而言，我们首先提出一个灵活的异质语义网络，该网络结合了文档和实体之间的高质量实体和互动。然后，我们介绍两种类型的外部知识，即结构化的三胞胎和非结构化实体描述，以更深入地了解文本语义。我们进一步为构建的异质语义网络设计了互惠卷积机制，使网络结构和文本语义能够相互协作并学习高级网络表示。在四个公共文本丰富的网络以及一个大规模的电子商务搜索数据集上进行了广泛的实验结果，这说明了Teko优于最先进的基线。

假新闻，虚假或误导性信息作为新闻，对社会的许多方面产生了重大影响，例如在政治或医疗域名。由于假新闻的欺骗性，仅将自然语言处理（NLP）技术应用于新闻内容不足。多级社会上下文信息（新闻出版商和社交媒体的参与者）和用户参与的时间信息是假新闻检测中的重要信息。然而，正确使用此信息，介绍了三个慢性困难：1）多级社会上下文信息很难在没有信息丢失的情况下使用，2）难以使用时间信息以及多级社会上下文信息，3 ）具有多级社会背景和时间信息的新闻表示难以以端到端的方式学习。为了克服所有三个困难，我们提出了一种新颖的假新闻检测框架，杂扫描。我们使用元路径在不损失的情况下提取有意义的多级社会上下文信息。 COMA-PATO，建议连接两个节点类型的复合关系，以捕获异构图中的语义。然后，我们提出了元路径实例编码和聚合方法，以捕获用户参与的时间信息，并生成新闻代表端到端。根据我们的实验，杂扫不断的性能改善了最先进的假新闻检测方法。

谣言在社交媒体的时代猖獗。谈话结构提供有价值的线索，以区分真实和假声明。然而，现有的谣言检测方法限制为用户响应的严格关系或过度简化对话结构。在这项研究中，为了减轻不相关的帖子施加的负面影响，基本上加强了用户意见的相互作用，首先将谈话线作为无向相互作用图。然后，我们提出了一种用于谣言分类的主导分层图注意网络，其提高了考虑整个社会环境的响应帖子的表示学习，并参加可以在语义上推断目标索赔的帖子。三个Twitter数据集的广泛实验表明，我们的谣言检测方法比最先进的方法实现了更好的性能，并且展示了在早期阶段检测谣言的优异容量。

保持个人特征和复杂的关系，广泛利用和研究了图表数据。通过更新和聚合节点的表示，能够捕获结构信息，图形神经网络（GNN）模型正在获得普及。在财务背景下，该图是基于实际数据构建的，这导致复杂的图形结构，因此需要复杂的方法。在这项工作中，我们在最近的财务环境中对GNN模型进行了全面的审查。我们首先将普通使用的财务图分类并总结每个节点的功能处理步骤。然后，我们总结了每个地图类型的GNN方法，每个区域的应用，并提出一些潜在的研究领域。

Fake news detection has become a research area that goes way beyond a purely academic interest as it has direct implications on our society as a whole. Recent advances have primarily focused on textbased approaches. However, it has become clear that to be effective one needs to incorporate additional, contextual information such as spreading behaviour of news articles and user interaction patterns on social media. We propose to construct heterogeneous social context graphs around news articles and reformulate the problem as a graph classification task. Exploring the incorporation of different types of information (to get an idea as to what level of social context is most effective) and using different graph neural network architectures indicates that this approach is highly effective with robust results on a common benchmark dataset.

异质图卷积网络在解决异质网络数据的各种网络分析任务方面已广受欢迎，从链接预测到节点分类。但是，大多数现有作品都忽略了多型节点之间的多重网络的关系异质性，而在元路径中，元素嵌入中关系的重要性不同，这几乎无法捕获不同关系跨不同关系的异质结构信号。为了应对这一挑战，这项工作提出了用于异质网络嵌入的多重异质图卷积网络（MHGCN）。我们的MHGCN可以通过多层卷积聚合自动学习多重异质网络中不同长度的有用的异质元路径相互作用。此外，我们有效地将多相关结构信号和属性语义集成到学习的节点嵌入中，并具有无监督和精选的学习范式。在具有各种网络分析任务的五个现实世界数据集上进行的广泛实验表明，根据所有评估指标，MHGCN与最先进的嵌入基线的优势。

图表可以模拟实体之间的复杂交互，它在许多重要的应用程序中自然出现。这些应用程序通常可以投入到标准图形学习任务中，其中关键步骤是学习低维图表示。图形神经网络（GNN）目前是嵌入方法中最受欢迎的模型。然而，邻域聚合范例中的标准GNN患有区分\ EMPH {高阶}图形结构的有限辨别力，而不是\ EMPH {低位}结构。为了捕获高阶结构，研究人员求助于主题和开发的基于主题的GNN。然而，现有的基于主基的GNN仍然仍然遭受较少的辨别力的高阶结构。为了克服上述局限性，我们提出了一个新颖的框架，以更好地捕获高阶结构的新框架，铰接于我们所提出的主题冗余最小化操作员和注射主题组合的新颖框架。首先，MGNN生成一组节点表示W.R.T.每个主题。下一阶段是我们在图案中提出的冗余最小化，该主题在彼此相互比较并蒸馏出每个主题的特征。最后，MGNN通过组合来自不同图案的多个表示来执行节点表示的更新。特别地，为了增强鉴别的功率，MGNN利用重新注射功能来组合表示的函数w.r.t.不同的主题。我们进一步表明，我们的拟议体系结构增加了GNN的表现力，具有理论分析。我们展示了MGNN在节点分类和图形分类任务上的七个公共基准上表现出最先进的方法。

Twitter机器人检测已成为打击错误信息，促进社交媒体节制并保持在线话语的完整性的越来越重要的任务。最先进的机器人检测方法通常利用Twitter网络的图形结构，在面对传统方法无法检测到的新型Twitter机器人时，它们表现出令人鼓舞的性能。但是，现有的Twitter机器人检测数据集很少是基于图形的，即使这些基于图形的数据集也遭受有限的数据集量表，不完整的图形结构以及低注释质量。实际上，缺乏解决这些问题的大规模基于图的Twitter机器人检测基准，严重阻碍了基于图形的机器人检测方法的开发和评估。在本文中，我们提出了Twibot-22，这是一个综合基于图的Twitter机器人检测基准，它显示了迄今为止最大的数据集，在Twitter网络上提供了多元化的实体和关系，并且与现有数据集相比具有更好的注释质量。此外，我们重新实施35代表性的Twitter机器人检测基线，并在包括Twibot-22在内的9个数据集上进行评估，以促进对模型性能和对研究进度的整体了解的公平比较。为了促进进一步的研究，我们将所有实施的代码和数据集巩固到Twibot-22评估框架中，研究人员可以在其中始终如一地评估新的模型和数据集。 Twibot-22 Twitter机器人检测基准和评估框架可在https://twibot22.github.io/上公开获得。

预测中小型企业（SME）的破产风险（SME）是金融机构在做出贷款时的重要一步。但是，金融和AI研究领域的现有研究倾向于仅考虑企业内风险或传染性风险，而忽略了它们的相互作用和组合效应。这项研究首次考虑了在破产预测中的风险及其共同影响。具体而言，我们首先根据其风险内学习的统计学意义企业风险指标提出了企业内风险编码器。然后，我们根据企业关系信息从企业知识图中提出了一个企业传染风险编码器，以进行其传染风险嵌入。特别是，传染风险编码器既包括新提出的高图神经网络和异质图神经网络，这些神经网络可以在两个不同方面建模传播风险，即基于超系统的常见风险因素和直接扩散的风险。为了评估该模型，我们收集了SME上的现实世界多源数据数据，并构建了一个名为SMESD的新型基准数据集。我们提供对数据集的开放访问权限，该数据集有望进一步促进财务风险分析的研究。针对十二个最先进的基线的SMESD实验证明了拟议模型对破产预测的有效性。

假新闻是制作作为真实的信息，有意欺骗读者。最近，依靠社交媒体的人民币为新闻消费的人数显着增加。由于这种快速增加，错误信息的不利影响会影响更广泛的受众。由于人们对这种欺骗性的假新闻的脆弱性增加，在早期阶段检测错误信息的可靠技术是必要的。因此，作者提出了一种基于图形的基于图形的框架社会图，其具有多头关注和发布者信息和新闻统计网络（SOMPS-Net），包括两个组件 - 社交交互图（SIG）和发布者和新闻统计信息（PNS）。假设模型在HealthStory DataSet上进行了实验，并在包括癌症，阿尔茨海默，妇产科和营养等各种医疗主题上推广。 Somps-Net明显优于其他基于现实的图表的模型，在HealthStory上实验17.1％。此外，早期检测的实验表明，Somps-Net预测的假新闻文章在其广播仅需8小时内为79％确定。因此，这项工作的贡献奠定了在早期阶段捕获多种医疗主题的假健康新闻的基础。

Recently, online social media has become a primary source for new information and misinformation or rumours. In the absence of an automatic rumour detection system the propagation of rumours has increased manifold leading to serious societal damages. In this work, we propose a novel method for building automatic rumour detection system by focusing on oversampling to alleviating the fundamental challenges of class imbalance in rumour detection task. Our oversampling method relies on contextualised data augmentation to generate synthetic samples for underrepresented classes in the dataset. The key idea exploits selection of tweets in a thread for augmentation which can be achieved by introducing a non-random selection criteria to focus the augmentation process on relevant tweets. Furthermore, we propose two graph neural networks(GNN) to model non-linear conversations on a thread. To enhance the tweet representations in our method we employed a custom feature selection technique based on state-of-the-art BERTweet model. Experiments of three publicly available datasets confirm that 1) our GNN models outperform the the current state-of-the-art classifiers by more than 20%(F1-score); 2) our oversampling technique increases the model performance by more than 9%;(F1-score) 3) focusing on relevant tweets for data augmentation via non-random selection criteria can further improve the results; and 4) our method has superior capabilities to detect rumours at very early stage.

日志分析是工程师用来解决大规模软件系统故障的主要技术之一。在过去的几十年中，已经提出了许多日志分析方法来检测日志反映的系统异常。他们通常将日志事件计数或顺序日志事件作为输入，并利用机器学习算法，包括深度学习模型来检测系统异常。这些异常通常被确定为对数序列中对数事件的定量关系模式或顺序模式的违反。但是，现有方法无法利用日志事件之间的空间结构关系，从而导致潜在的错误警报和不稳定的性能。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新型的基于图的对数异常检测方法loggd，以通过将日志序列转换为图来有效解决问题。我们利用了图形变压器神经网络的强大功能，该网络结合了图结构和基于日志异常检测的节点语义。我们在四个广泛使用的公共日志数据集上评估了建议的方法。实验结果表明，Loggd可以胜过最先进的基于定量和基于序列的方法，并在不同的窗口大小设置下实现稳定的性能。结果证实LOGGD在基于对数的异常检测中有效。

Anomaly analytics is a popular and vital task in various research contexts, which has been studied for several decades. At the same time, deep learning has shown its capacity in solving many graph-based tasks like, node classification, link prediction, and graph classification. Recently, many studies are extending graph learning models for solving anomaly analytics problems, resulting in beneficial advances in graph-based anomaly analytics techniques. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph learning methods for anomaly analytics tasks. We classify them into four categories based on their model architectures, namely graph convolutional network (GCN), graph attention network (GAT), graph autoencoder (GAE), and other graph learning models. The differences between these methods are also compared in a systematic manner. Furthermore, we outline several graph-based anomaly analytics applications across various domains in the real world. Finally, we discuss five potential future research directions in this rapidly growing field.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely applied in the semi-supervised node classification task, where a key point lies in how to sufficiently leverage the limited but valuable label information. Most of the classical GNNs solely use the known labels for computing the classification loss at the output. In recent years, several methods have been designed to additionally utilize the labels at the input. One part of the methods augment the node features via concatenating or adding them with the one-hot encodings of labels, while other methods optimize the graph structure by assuming neighboring nodes tend to have the same label. To bring into full play the rich information of labels, in this paper, we present a label-enhanced learning framework for GNNs, which first models each label as a virtual center for intra-class nodes and then jointly learns the representations of both nodes and labels. Our approach could not only smooth the representations of nodes belonging to the same class, but also explicitly encode the label semantics into the learning process of GNNs. Moreover, a training node selection technique is provided to eliminate the potential label leakage issue and guarantee the model generalization ability. Finally, an adaptive self-training strategy is proposed to iteratively enlarge the training set with more reliable pseudo labels and distinguish the importance of each pseudo-labeled node during the model training process. Experimental results on both real-world and synthetic datasets demonstrate our approach can not only consistently outperform the state-of-the-arts, but also effectively smooth the representations of intra-class nodes.

Graphs are ubiquitous in nature and can therefore serve as models for many practical but also theoretical problems. For this purpose, they can be defined as many different types which suitably reflect the individual contexts of the represented problem. To address cutting-edge problems based on graph data, the research field of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has emerged. Despite the field's youth and the speed at which new models are developed, many recent surveys have been published to keep track of them. Nevertheless, it has not yet been gathered which GNN can process what kind of graph types. In this survey, we give a detailed overview of already existing GNNs and, unlike previous surveys, categorize them according to their ability to handle different graph types and properties. We consider GNNs operating on static and dynamic graphs of different structural constitutions, with or without node or edge attributes. Moreover, we distinguish between GNN models for discrete-time or continuous-time dynamic graphs and group the models according to their architecture. We find that there are still graph types that are not or only rarely covered by existing GNN models. We point out where models are missing and give potential reasons for their absence.

事实证明，信息提取方法可有效从结构化或非结构化数据中提取三重。以（头部实体，关系，尾部实体）形式组织这样的三元组的组织称为知识图（kgs）。当前的大多数知识图都是不完整的。为了在下游任务中使用kgs，希望预测kgs中缺少链接。最近，通过将实体和关系嵌入到低维的矢量空间中，旨在根据先前访问的三元组来预测三元组，从而对KGS表示不同的方法。根据如何独立或依赖对三元组进行处理，我们将知识图完成的任务分为传统和图形神经网络表示学习，并更详细地讨论它们。在传统的方法中，每个三重三倍将独立处理，并在基于GNN的方法中进行处理，三倍也考虑了他们的当地社区。查看全文

Deep learning has revolutionized many machine learning tasks in recent years, ranging from image classification and video processing to speech recognition and natural language understanding. The data in these tasks are typically represented in the Euclidean space. However, there is an increasing number of applications where data are generated from non-Euclidean domains and are represented as graphs with complex relationships and interdependency between objects. The complexity of graph data has imposed significant challenges on existing machine learning algorithms. Recently, many studies on extending deep learning approaches for graph data have emerged. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of graph neural networks (GNNs) in data mining and machine learning fields. We propose a new taxonomy to divide the state-of-the-art graph neural networks into four categories, namely recurrent graph neural networks, convolutional graph neural networks, graph autoencoders, and spatial-temporal graph neural networks. We further discuss the applications of graph neural networks across various domains and summarize the open source codes, benchmark data sets, and model evaluation of graph neural networks. Finally, we propose potential research directions in this rapidly growing field.