尽管最近在图像翻译方面进行了显着进展,但具有多种差异对象的复杂场景仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。因为翻译的图像具有低保真度和微小对象,更少,并在对象识别中获得不满意的性能。如果图像的彻底对象感知(即,边界框,类别和掩码)作为先验知识,则在图像转换过程中将难以跟踪每个对象的样式转换。我们提出了基于Panoptic的对象样式对齐生成的对抗生成的对抗网络(POSA-GAN),用于图像到图像 - 图像到图像转换,以及一个紧凑的Panoptic semation数据集。 Panoptic分割模型用于提取Panoptic-Level感知(即,除去图像中的重叠的前景对象实例和背景语义区域)。这用于指导从目标域的样式空间采样的输入域图像和对象样式代码的对象内容代码之间的对齐。进一步转换样式对齐的对象表示以获得更高保真对象生成的精确边界布局。与不同的竞争方法系统的系统进行了系统地进行了系统地进行了系统地进行了系统地进行了比较,并对翻译图像的图像质量和物体识别性能进行了显着改善。
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生成的对抗网络(GANS)最近引入了执行图像到图像翻译的有效方法。这些模型可以应用于图像到图像到图像转换中的各种域而不改变任何参数。在本文中,我们调查并分析了八个图像到图像生成的对策网络:PIX2PX,Cyclegan,Cogan,Stargan,Munit,Stargan2,Da-Gan,以及自我关注GaN。这些模型中的每一个都呈现了最先进的结果,并引入了构建图像到图像的新技术。除了对模型的调查外,我们还调查了他们接受培训的18个数据集,并在其上进行了评估的9个指标。最后,我们在常见的一组指标和数据集中呈现6种这些模型的受控实验的结果。结果混合并显示,在某些数据集,任务和指标上,某些型号优于其他型号。本文的最后一部分讨论了这些结果并建立了未来研究领域。由于研究人员继续创新新的图像到图像GAN,因此他们非常重要地了解现有方法,数据集和指标。本文提供了全面的概述和讨论,以帮助构建此基础。
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提供和渲染室内场景一直是室内设计的一项长期任务,艺术家为空间创建概念设计,建立3D模型的空间,装饰,然后执行渲染。尽管任务很重要,但它很乏味,需要巨大的努力。在本文中,我们引入了一个特定领域的室内场景图像合成的新问题,即神经场景装饰。鉴于一张空的室内空间的照片以及用户确定的布局列表,我们旨在合成具有所需的家具和装饰的相同空间的新图像。神经场景装饰可用于以简单而有效的方式创建概念室内设计。我们解决这个研究问题的尝试是一种新颖的场景生成体系结构,它将空的场景和对象布局转化为现实的场景照片。我们通过将其与有条件图像合成基线进行比较,以定性和定量的方式将其进行比较,证明了我们提出的方法的性能。我们进行广泛的实验,以进一步验证我们生成的场景的合理性和美学。我们的实现可在\ url {https://github.com/hkust-vgd/neural_scene_decoration}获得。
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Unsupervised image-to-image translation is an important and challenging problem in computer vision. Given an image in the source domain, the goal is to learn the conditional distribution of corresponding images in the target domain, without seeing any examples of corresponding image pairs. While this conditional distribution is inherently multimodal, existing approaches make an overly simplified assumption, modeling it as a deterministic one-to-one mapping. As a result, they fail to generate diverse outputs from a given source domain image. To address this limitation, we propose a Multimodal Unsupervised Image-to-image Translation (MUNIT) framework. We assume that the image representation can be decomposed into a content code that is domain-invariant, and a style code that captures domain-specific properties. To translate an image to another domain, we recombine its content code with a random style code sampled from the style space of the target domain. We analyze the proposed framework and establish several theoretical results. Extensive experiments with comparisons to state-of-the-art approaches further demonstrate the advantage of the proposed framework. Moreover, our framework allows users to control the style of translation outputs by providing an example style image. Code and pretrained models are available at https://github.com/nvlabs/MUNIT.
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夜间热红外(NTIR)图像着色,也称为NTIR图像转换为白天颜色图像(NTIR2DC),是一个有希望的研究方向,可促进对人类和不利条件下的智能系统的夜间现场感知(例如,完整的黑暗)。但是,先前开发的方法对于小样本类别的着色性能差。此外,降低伪标签中的高置信度噪声并解决翻译过程中图像梯度消失的问题仍然不足,并且在翻译过程中防止边缘扭曲也很具有挑战性。为了解决上述问题,我们提出了一个新颖的学习框架,称为记忆引导的协作关注生成对抗网络(MORNGAN),该框架受到人类的类似推理机制的启发。具体而言,设计了记忆引导的样本选择策略和自适应协作注意力丧失,以增强小样本类别的语义保存。此外,我们提出了一个在线语义蒸馏模块,以挖掘并完善NTIR图像的伪标记。此外,引入条件梯度修复损失,以减少翻译过程中边缘失真。在NTIR2DC任务上进行的广泛实验表明,在语义保存和边缘一致性方面,提出的Morngan明显优于其他图像到图像翻译方法,这有助于显着提高对象检测精度。
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尽管具有生成对抗网络(GAN)的图像到图像(I2I)翻译的显着进步,但使用单对生成器和歧视器将图像有效地转换为多个目标域中的一组不同图像仍然具有挑战性。现有的I2i翻译方法采用多个针对不同域的特定于域的内容编码,其中每个特定于域的内容编码器仅经过来自同一域的图像的训练。然而,我们认为应从所有域之间的图像中学到内容(域变相)特征。因此,现有方案的每个特定于域的内容编码器都无法有效提取域不变特征。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一个灵活而通用的Sologan模型,用于在多个域之间具有未配对数据的多模式I2I翻译。与现有方法相反,Solgan算法使用具有附加辅助分类器的单个投影鉴别器,并为所有域共享编码器和生成器。因此,可以使用来自所有域的图像有效地训练Solgan,从而可以有效提取域 - 不变性内容表示。在多个数据集中,针对多个同行和sologan的变体的定性和定量结果证明了该方法的优点,尤其是对于挑战i2i翻译数据集的挑战,即涉及极端形状变化的数据集或在翻译后保持复杂的背景,需要保持复杂的背景。此外,我们通过消融研究证明了Sogan中每个成分的贡献。
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语义图像编辑利用本地语义标签图来生成所需的内容。最近的工作借用了Spade Block来实现语义图像编辑。但是,由于编辑区域和周围像素之间的样式差异,它无法产生令人愉悦的结果。我们将其归因于以下事实:Spade仅使用与图像无关的局部语义布局,但忽略了已知像素中包含的图像特定样式。为了解决此问题,我们提出了一个样式保存的调制(SPM),其中包括两个调制过程:第一个调制包含上下文样式和语义布局,然后生成两个融合的调制参数。第二次调制采用融合参数来调制特征图。通过使用这两种调制,SPM可以在保留特定图像的上下文样式的同时注入给定的语义布局。此外,我们设计了一种渐进式体系结构,以粗到精细的方式生成编辑的内容。提出的方法可以获得上下文一致的结果,并显着减轻生成区域和已知像素之间的不愉快边界。
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组织病理学图像合成的现有深网无法为聚类核生成准确的边界,并且无法输出与不同器官一致的图像样式。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种样式引导的实例自适应标准化(SIAN),以合成不同器官的逼真的颜色分布和纹理。 Sian包含四个阶段:语义,风格化,实例化和调制。这四个阶段共同起作用,并集成到生成网络中,以嵌入图像语义,样式和实例级级边界。实验结果证明了所有组件在Sian中的有效性,并表明所提出的方法比使用Frechet Inception Inception距离(FID),结构相似性指数(SSIM),检测质量胜过组织病理学图像合成的最新条件gan。 (DQ),分割质量(SQ)和圆锥体质量(PQ)。此外,通过合并使用Sian产生的合成图像,可以显着改善分割网络的性能。
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建筑摄影是一种摄影类型,重点是捕获前景中带有戏剧性照明的建筑物或结构。受图像到图像翻译方法的成功启发,我们旨在为建筑照片执行风格转移。但是,建筑摄影中的特殊构图对这类照片中的样式转移构成了巨大挑战。现有的神经风格转移方法将建筑图像视为单个实体,它将产生与原始建筑的几何特征,产生不切实际的照明,错误的颜色演绎以及可视化伪影,例如幽灵,外观失真或颜色不匹配。在本文中,我们专门针对建筑摄影的神经风格转移方法。我们的方法解决了两个分支神经网络中建筑照片中前景和背景的组成,该神经网络分别考虑了前景和背景的样式转移。我们的方法包括一个分割模块,基于学习的图像到图像翻译模块和图像混合优化模块。我们使用了一天中不同的魔术时代捕获的不受限制的户外建筑照片的新数据集培训了图像到图像的翻译神经网络,利用其他语义信息,以更好地匹配和几何形状保存。我们的实验表明,我们的方法可以在前景和背景上产生逼真的照明和颜色演绎,并且在定量和定性上都优于一般图像到图像转换和任意样式转移基线。我们的代码和数据可在https://github.com/hkust-vgd/architectural_style_transfer上获得。
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Panoptic semonation涉及联合语义分割和实例分割的组合,其中图像内容分为两种类型:事物和东西。我们展示了Panoptic SegFormer,是与变压器的Panoptic Semonation的一般框架。它包含三个创新组件:高效的深度监督掩模解码器,查询解耦策略以及改进的后处理方法。我们还使用可变形的DETR来有效地处理多尺度功能,这是一种快速高效的DETR版本。具体而言,我们以层式方式监督掩模解码器中的注意模块。这种深度监督策略让注意模块快速关注有意义的语义区域。与可变形的DETR相比,它可以提高性能并将所需培训纪元的数量减少一半。我们的查询解耦策略对查询集的职责解耦并避免了事物和东西之间的相互干扰。此外,我们的后处理策略通过联合考虑分类和分割质量来解决突出的面具重叠而没有额外成本的情况。我们的方法会在基线DETR模型上增加6.2 \%PQ。 Panoptic SegFormer通过56.2 \%PQ实现最先进的结果。它还显示出对现有方法的更强大的零射鲁布利。代码释放\ url {https://github.com/zhiqi-li/panoptic-segformer}。
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Automatic font generation without human experts is a practical and significant problem, especially for some languages that consist of a large number of characters. Existing methods for font generation are often in supervised learning. They require a large number of paired data, which are labor-intensive and expensive to collect. In contrast, common unsupervised image-to-image translation methods are not applicable to font generation, as they often define style as the set of textures and colors. In this work, we propose a robust deformable generative network for unsupervised font generation (abbreviated as DGFont++). We introduce a feature deformation skip connection (FDSC) to learn local patterns and geometric transformations between fonts. The FDSC predicts pairs of displacement maps and employs the predicted maps to apply deformable convolution to the low-level content feature maps. The outputs of FDSC are fed into a mixer to generate final results. Moreover, we introduce contrastive self-supervised learning to learn a robust style representation for fonts by understanding the similarity and dissimilarities of fonts. To distinguish different styles, we train our model with a multi-task discriminator, which ensures that each style can be discriminated independently. In addition to adversarial loss, another two reconstruction losses are adopted to constrain the domain-invariant characteristics between generated images and content images. Taking advantage of FDSC and the adopted loss functions, our model is able to maintain spatial information and generates high-quality character images in an unsupervised manner. Experiments demonstrate that our model is able to generate character images of higher quality than state-of-the-art methods.
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将带家具的房间图像转换为背景的任务 - 仅是非常具有挑战性,因为它需要在仍然保持整体布局和风格的同时进行大量变化。为了获得照片 - 现实和结构一致的背景,现有的深度学习方法使用图像修复方法或将场景布局的学习作为个人任务,以后在不完全可分辨率的语义区域自适应归一代化模块中利用它。为了解决这些缺点,我们将场景布局生成视为特征线性变换问题,并提出了一个简单但有效的调整后的完全可分辨率的软语义区域 - 自适应归一化模块(SoftSean)块。我们展示了现实和深度估计任务的缩短和深度估计任务中的适用性,在那里我们的方法除了减轻培训复杂性和不可差异性问题的优点,超越了定量和定性的比较方法。我们的SoftSean块可用作现有辨别和生成模型的液位模块。在vcl3d.github.io/panodr/上提供实现。
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Structure-guided image completion aims to inpaint a local region of an image according to an input guidance map from users. While such a task enables many practical applications for interactive editing, existing methods often struggle to hallucinate realistic object instances in complex natural scenes. Such a limitation is partially due to the lack of semantic-level constraints inside the hole region as well as the lack of a mechanism to enforce realistic object generation. In this work, we propose a learning paradigm that consists of semantic discriminators and object-level discriminators for improving the generation of complex semantics and objects. Specifically, the semantic discriminators leverage pretrained visual features to improve the realism of the generated visual concepts. Moreover, the object-level discriminators take aligned instances as inputs to enforce the realism of individual objects. Our proposed scheme significantly improves the generation quality and achieves state-of-the-art results on various tasks, including segmentation-guided completion, edge-guided manipulation and panoptically-guided manipulation on Places2 datasets. Furthermore, our trained model is flexible and can support multiple editing use cases, such as object insertion, replacement, removal and standard inpainting. In particular, our trained model combined with a novel automatic image completion pipeline achieves state-of-the-art results on the standard inpainting task.
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Our result (c) Application: Edit object appearance (b) Application: Change label types (a) Synthesized resultFigure 1: We propose a generative adversarial framework for synthesizing 2048 × 1024 images from semantic label maps (lower left corner in (a)). Compared to previous work [5], our results express more natural textures and details. (b) We can change labels in the original label map to create new scenes, like replacing trees with buildings. (c) Our framework also allows a user to edit the appearance of individual objects in the scene, e.g. changing the color of a car or the texture of a road. Please visit our website for more side-by-side comparisons as well as interactive editing demos.
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作为一个常见的图像编辑操作,图像组成旨在将前景从一个图像切割并粘贴在另一个图像上,从而产生复合图像。但是,有许多问题可能使复合图像不现实。这些问题可以总结为前景和背景之间的不一致,包括外观不一致(例如,不兼容的照明),几何不一致(例如不合理的大小)和语义不一致(例如,不匹配的语义上下文)。先前的作品将图像组成任务分为多个子任务,其中每个子任务在一个或多个问题上目标。具体而言,对象放置旨在为前景找到合理的比例,位置和形状。图像混合旨在解决前景和背景之间的不自然边界。图像协调旨在调整前景的照明统计数据。影子生成旨在为前景产生合理的阴影。通过将所有上述努力放在一起,我们可以获取现实的复合图像。据我们所知,以前没有关于图像组成的调查。在本文中,我们对图像组成的子任务进行了全面的调查。对于每个子任务,我们总结了传统方法,基于深度学习的方法,数据集和评估。我们还指出了每个子任务中现有方法的局限性以及整个图像组成任务的问题。图像组合的数据集和代码在https://github.com/bcmi/awesome-image-composition上进行了总结。
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We propose semantic region-adaptive normalization (SEAN), a simple but effective building block for Generative Adversarial Networks conditioned on segmentation masks that describe the semantic regions in the desired output image. Using SEAN normalization, we can build a network architecture that can control the style of each semantic region individually, e.g., we can specify one style reference image per region. SEAN is better suited to encode, transfer, and synthesize style than the best previous method in terms of reconstruction quality, variability, and visual quality. We evaluate SEAN on multiple datasets and report better quan-titative metrics (e.g. FID, PSNR) than the current state of the art. SEAN also pushes the frontier of interactive image editing. We can interactively edit images by changing segmentation masks or the style for any given region. We can also interpolate styles from two reference images per region. Code: https://github.com/ZPdesu/SEAN .
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Unpaired exemplar-based image-to-image (UEI2I) translation aims to translate a source image to a target image domain with the style of a target image exemplar, without ground-truth input-translation pairs. Existing UEI2I methods represent style using either a global, image-level feature vector, or one vector per object instance/class but requiring knowledge of the scene semantics. Here, by contrast, we propose to represent style as a dense feature map, allowing for a finer-grained transfer to the source image without requiring any external semantic information. We then rely on perceptual and adversarial losses to disentangle our dense style and content representations, and exploit unsupervised cross-domain semantic correspondences to warp the exemplar style to the source content. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on two datasets using standard metrics together with a new localized style metric measuring style similarity in a class-wise manner. Our results evidence that the translations produced by our approach are more diverse and closer to the exemplars than those of the state-of-the-art methods while nonetheless preserving the source content.
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We present a novel image inversion framework and a training pipeline to achieve high-fidelity image inversion with high-quality attribute editing. Inverting real images into StyleGAN's latent space is an extensively studied problem, yet the trade-off between the image reconstruction fidelity and image editing quality remains an open challenge. The low-rate latent spaces are limited in their expressiveness power for high-fidelity reconstruction. On the other hand, high-rate latent spaces result in degradation in editing quality. In this work, to achieve high-fidelity inversion, we learn residual features in higher latent codes that lower latent codes were not able to encode. This enables preserving image details in reconstruction. To achieve high-quality editing, we learn how to transform the residual features for adapting to manipulations in latent codes. We train the framework to extract residual features and transform them via a novel architecture pipeline and cycle consistency losses. We run extensive experiments and compare our method with state-of-the-art inversion methods. Qualitative metrics and visual comparisons show significant improvements. Code: https://github.com/hamzapehlivan/StyleRes
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